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Plasma antibacterial activities in ornate (Terrapene ornata) and eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina).
Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-10 , DOI: 10.1002/jez.2352 Laura Adamovicz 1 , Sarah J Baker 1, 2 , Mark Merchant 3 , Matthew C Allender 1
Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-10 , DOI: 10.1002/jez.2352 Laura Adamovicz 1 , Sarah J Baker 1, 2 , Mark Merchant 3 , Matthew C Allender 1
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Chelonians are one of the most imperiled vertebrate taxa and many species are increasingly threatened by disease, however, the immune response in this group is understudied. We quantified the innate immune response of eastern (Terrapene carolina; EBT) and ornate (Terrapene ornate; OBT) box turtles using plasma antibacterial activity assays. Plasma from both species abolished or significantly reduced the growth of all eight bacterial species evaluated, including Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundi, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Bactericidal capacity was greater in OBT compared to EBT, and OBT plasma retained high antibacterial activities at a broader temperature range (20–40°C) compared to EBT (30–40°C). Plasma antibacterial activity was abolished following treatment with heat, protease, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, indicating that complement is likely responsible for the observed effects. Further characterization of the box turtle immune response may provide insight into the importance of infectious diseases for species conservation, enabling the development of more efficient and effective population management strategies.
中文翻译：
华丽（Terrapene ornata）和东部箱龟（Terrapene carolina）的血浆抗菌活性。
凯隆人是最受威胁的脊椎动物类群之一，许多物种正日益受到疾病的威胁，但是，这一群体的免疫反应仍未得到充分研究。我们使用血浆抗菌活性测定法对东部（Terrapene carolina； EBT）和华丽（Terrapene ornate； OBT）盒龟的先天免疫反应进行了定量。两种物种的血浆均被消除或显着降低了所评估的所有八种细菌的生长，包括鼠伤寒沙门氏菌，大肠杆菌，阴沟肠杆菌，弗氏柠檬酸杆菌，枯草芽孢杆菌，表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。与EBT相比，OBT中的杀菌能力更大，与EBT（30-40°C）相比，OBT血浆在更宽的温度范围（20–40°C）下仍具有较高的抗菌活性。用热，蛋白酶和乙二胺四乙酸处理后，血浆抗菌活性被取消，表明补体可能是所观察到的作用的原因。箱龟免疫反应的进一步表征可以提供传染病对物种保护的重要性的见解，从而能够开发出更有效的种群管理策略。
更新日期：2020-02-10
中文翻译：
华丽（Terrapene ornata）和东部箱龟（Terrapene carolina）的血浆抗菌活性。
凯隆人是最受威胁的脊椎动物类群之一，许多物种正日益受到疾病的威胁，但是，这一群体的免疫反应仍未得到充分研究。我们使用血浆抗菌活性测定法对东部（Terrapene carolina； EBT）和华丽（Terrapene ornate； OBT）盒龟的先天免疫反应进行了定量。两种物种的血浆均被消除或显着降低了所评估的所有八种细菌的生长，包括鼠伤寒沙门氏菌，大肠杆菌，阴沟肠杆菌，弗氏柠檬酸杆菌，枯草芽孢杆菌，表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。与EBT相比，OBT中的杀菌能力更大，与EBT（30-40°C）相比，OBT血浆在更宽的温度范围（20–40°C）下仍具有较高的抗菌活性。用热，蛋白酶和乙二胺四乙酸处理后，血浆抗菌活性被取消，表明补体可能是所观察到的作用的原因。箱龟免疫反应的进一步表征可以提供传染病对物种保护的重要性的见解，从而能够开发出更有效的种群管理策略。
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