Although the isolated effects of several specific nutrients have been examined, little is known about the relationship between overall maternal diet during pregnancy and fetal development and growth. This study evaluates the association between maternal diet and low birthweight (LBW) in 660 pregnant women from the Pregnancy Research on Inflammation, Nutrition,& City Environment: Systematic Analyses (PRINCESA) cohort in Mexico City. Using prior day dietary intake reported at multiple prenatal visits, diet was assessed prospectively using a priori (Maternal Diet Quality Score [MDQS]) and a posteriori (dietary patterns extracted by factor analysis) approaches. The association between maternal diet and LBW was investigated by logistic regression, controlling for confounders. Adherence to recommended guidelines (higher MDQS) was associated with a reduced risk of LBW (OR, 0.22; 95% confidence interval [0.06, 0.75], P < .05, N = 49) compared with the lowest adherence category (reference group), controlling for maternal age, education, height, marital status, pre-pregnancy body mass index, parity, energy intake, gestational weight gain, and preterm versus term birth; a posteriori dietary patterns were not associated with LBW risk. Higher adherence to MDQS was associated with a lower risk of having an LBW baby in this sample. Our results support the role of advocating a healthy overall diet, versus individual foods or nutrients, in preventing LBW.

中文翻译：

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怀孕期间和低出生体重期间的饮食模式和饮食质量：PRINCESA 队列。


尽管已经研究了几种特定营养素的单独影响，但对怀孕期间母亲总体饮食与胎儿发育和生长之间的关系知之甚少。本研究评估了墨西哥城炎症、营养和城市环境妊娠研究：系统分析 (PRINCESA) 队列中 660 名孕妇的母亲饮食与低出生体重 (LBW) 之间的关联。使用多次产前检查报告的前一天饮食摄入量，使用先验（母亲饮食质量评分[MDQS]）和后验（通过因子分析提取的饮食模式）方法对饮食进行前瞻性评估。通过逻辑回归研究母亲饮食与低体重之间的关联，并控制混杂因素。与最低遵守类别（参考组）相比，遵守推荐指南（较高 MDQS）与 LBW 风险降低相关（OR，0.22；95% 置信区间 [0.06，0.75]，P < .05，N = 49） ，控制产妇年龄、教育程度、身高、婚姻状况、孕前体重指数、产次、能量摄入、妊娠体重增加以及早产与足月出生；后验饮食模式与低出生体重风险无关。在该样本中，对 MDQS 的遵守程度越高，生出低出生体重婴儿的风险就越低。我们的研究结果支持提倡健康的整体饮食（而不是单独的食物或营养素）在预防低出生体重方面的作用。