Genetically encoded fluorescent indicators have transformed the way neuroscientists record neuronal activities and interrogate the nervous system in vivo. In this review, we discuss recent advances and new additions to the toolkit of indicators for calcium ion entry, membrane voltage change, neurotransmitter release, and other neuronal molecular processes. We highlight new engineering approaches for indicator design and development, and identify key areas for future improvement. From molecular tool developers' perspective, we aim to provide practical information for neuroscientists to evaluate and choose the most appropriate indicators for enabling new insights into brain function.

中文翻译：

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用于神经元活动成像的基因编码荧光指示剂工程：进展和前景

基因编码的荧光指示器改变了神经科学家记录神经元活动和询问体内神经系统的方式。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了钙离子进入、膜电压变化、神经递质释放和其他神经元分子过程指标工具包的最新进展和新增内容。我们强调了指标设计和开发的新工程方法，并确定了未来改进的关键领域。从分子工具开发人员的角度来看，我们旨在为神经科学家提供实用信息，以评估和选择最合适的指标，以实现对大脑功能的新见解。