Livestock dung is a valuable material for reconstructing human and animal inter-relations and activity within open areas and built environments. This paper examines the identification and multi-disciplinary analysis of dung remains from three neighbouring sites in the Konya Plain of Central Anatolia, Turkey: Boncuklu (ninth–eighth millennium cal BC), the Çatalhöyük East Mound (eighth–sixth millennium cal BC), and the Late Neolithic occupation at the Pınarbaşı rockshelter (seventh millennium cal BC). It presents and evaluates data on animal management strategies and husbandry practices through the simultaneous examination of plant and faecal microfossils and biomarkers with thin-section micromorphology and integrated phytolith, dung spherulite, and biomolecular analyses, together with comparative reference geo-ethnoarchaeological assemblages. Herbivore dung and other coprogenic materials have been identified predominantly in open areas, pens and midden deposits through micromorphology and the chemical signatures of their depositional contexts and composition. Accumulations of herbivore faecal material and burnt remains containing calcitic spherulites and phytoliths have provided new information on animal diet, fodder and dung fuel. Evidence from phytoliths from in situ penning deposits at early Neolithic Çatalhöyük have provided new insights into foddering/grazing practices by identifying highly variable herbivorous regimes including both dicotyledonous and grass-based diets. This review illustrates the variability of dung deposits within early agricultural settlements and their potential for tracing continuity and change in ecological diversity, herd management strategies and foddering, health, energy and dung use, as well as the complexity of interactions between people and animals in this key region during the early Holocene.

中文翻译：

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安纳托利亚中部科尼亚平原早期农业建筑环境中用于动物管理，围栏，饲料和粪便使用的牲畜粪便指标。

畜禽粪便是在开放区域和建筑环境中重建人畜相互关系和活动的宝贵材料。本文研究了土耳其中部安纳托利亚中部科尼亚平原三个相邻地点的粪便的鉴定和多学科分析：Boncuklu（公元前九至八千年），Çatalhöyük东丘（公元前八至六千年），和新石器时代后期的占领在Pınarbaşı岩棚（公元前七千年）。它通过同时检查植物和粪便微化石和生物标记物（具有薄层微形态学和整合的植石，粪球晶和生物分子分析）以及比较参考的地缘-人类考古学组合，提供并评估有关动物管理策略和饲养管理实践的数据。食草动物粪便和其他辅生材料主要通过微形貌及其沉积环境和组成的化学特征在开放区域，围栏和中层沉积物中得到鉴定。食草动物粪便物质和残渣的积聚，含有钙质球粒和硅藻土，为动物饮食，饲料和粪便燃料提供了新的信息。来自的硅藻土的证据新石器时代的Çatalhöyük的原地笔料沉积物通过发现高度可变的草食方式（包括双子叶和草食），为草料/放牧实践提供了新见解。这篇综述阐述了早期农业定居点中粪便沉积物的变异性，以及它们追踪生态多样性的连续性和变化，畜群管理策略和饲料，健康，能源和粪便使用的潜力，以及人与动物之间相互作用的复杂性。全新世早期的关键地区。