This study investigated Passiflora edulis peel flour (PEPF) intake and its effect against high-fat diet-induced obesity. PEPF is a source of fiber and phenolic compounds, which can decrease oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines, both linked to chronic inflammatory response and fat deposition in obesity. Therefore, we hypothesized that PEPF intake could decrease inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress observed in obesity, leading to decrease of fatness and chronic inflammatory response. The aims of the study were to evaluate the lipid peroxidation, the expression of antioxidants enzymes, and inflammatory parameters in obese rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups (n = 8 per group) according to the diets: control (based on AIN-93G), high-fat (HF, 35% fat w/w), and HF with PEPF (HFPF), and the experiment lasted for 10 weeks. PEPF showed high dietary fiber content and bioactive compounds, such as ferulic acid, and β-carotene. PEPF intake was effective in reducing body weight gain (13.31%) and total body fat (22.58%). The lipid peroxidation in the liver and adipose tissue decreased in the HFPF group compared to HF-fed animals, whereas hepatic glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activity and their expressions in the liver were higher in HFPF than HF. In addition, the PEPF intake decreased inflammatory cytokines in serum. These results suggest that PEPF intake decreases oxidative stress, possibly by the increase of antioxidant enzymes expression. Furthermore, PEPF decreases inflammatory response and protects from adiposity. Then, PEPF could act as an adjuvant to control of early parameters in obesity dysfunction.

中文翻译：

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百香果皮摄入减少炎症反应，逆转饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠的脂质过氧化和肥胖

本研究调查了西番莲果皮粉 (PEPF) 的摄入量及其对高脂饮食引起的肥胖的影响。PEPF 是纤维和酚类化合物的来源，可以减少氧化应激和炎症细胞因子，这两者都与肥胖症中的慢性炎症反应和脂肪沉积有关。因此，我们假设摄入 PEPF 可以减少肥胖中观察到的炎性细胞因子和氧化应激，从而减少肥胖和慢性炎症反应。该研究的目的是评估肥胖大鼠的脂质过氧化、抗氧化酶的表达和炎症参数。根据饮食将雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠分为 3 组（每组 n = 8）：对照（基于 AIN-93G）、高脂肪（HF，35% 脂肪 w/w）和 HF 与 PEPF（ HFPF), 并且实验持续了 10 周。PEPF 显示出高膳食纤维含量和生物活性化合物，如阿魏酸和 β-胡萝卜素。PEPF 摄入可有效减少体重增加 (13.31%) 和全身脂肪 (22.58%)。与喂食 HF 的动物相比，HFPF 组肝脏和脂肪组织中的脂质过氧化降低，而 HFPF 中肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶活性及其在肝脏中的表达高于 HF。此外，PEPF 的摄入降低了血清中的炎性细胞因子。这些结果表明，PEPF 的摄入降低了氧化应激，这可能是由于抗氧化酶表达的增加。此外，PEPF 可降低炎症反应并防止肥胖。然后，PEPF 可以作为控制肥胖功能障碍早期参数的佐剂。PEPF 显示出高膳食纤维含量和生物活性化合物，如阿魏酸和 β-胡萝卜素。PEPF 摄入可有效减少体重增加 (13.31%) 和全身脂肪 (22.58%)。与喂食 HF 的动物相比，HFPF 组肝脏和脂肪组织中的脂质过氧化降低，而 HFPF 中肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶活性及其在肝脏中的表达高于 HF。此外，PEPF 的摄入降低了血清中的炎性细胞因子。这些结果表明，PEPF 的摄入减少了氧化应激，这可能是通过增加抗氧化酶的表达来实现的。此外，PEPF 可降低炎症反应并防止肥胖。然后，PEPF 可以作为控制肥胖功能障碍早期参数的辅助剂。PEPF 显示出高膳食纤维含量和生物活性化合物，如阿魏酸和 β-胡萝卜素。PEPF 摄入可有效减少体重增加 (13.31%) 和全身脂肪 (22.58%)。与喂食 HF 的动物相比，HFPF 组肝脏和脂肪组织中的脂质过氧化降低，而 HFPF 中肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶活性及其在肝脏中的表达高于 HF。此外，PEPF 的摄入降低了血清中的炎性细胞因子。这些结果表明，PEPF 的摄入降低了氧化应激，这可能是由于抗氧化酶表达的增加。此外，PEPF 可降低炎症反应并防止肥胖。然后，PEPF 可以作为控制肥胖功能障碍早期参数的佐剂。