Objective. To systematically assess previous findings on the orbitofrontal sulcogyral pattern in psychiatric disorders and to address the utility of this pattern as a transdiagnostic trait marker of early neurodevelopment in the social brain. Methods. An online literature search was conducted using the PubMed database from inception to August 2019. Studies included in this review were based on the Chiavaras’s original classification method of this H-shaped sulcus (type I, II, and III), intermediate orbital sulcus (IOS), and posterior orbital sulcus (POS). Results. Twenty-six studies were included in the review. Sixteen studies (62%) focused on schizophrenia spectrum (Sz) disorders, and the remaining studies focused on autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), history of extremely preterm and extremely low birth weight, bipolar disorder (BD), panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, cannabis users, and pathological gambling. In Sz, compared with healthy controls, the orbitofrontal sulcogyral pattern was decreased in type I, increased in type II and III, and there were fewer numbers of IOS and POS reported, although specificity in sex and hemispheric dominance was not consistent. BD and neurodevelopmental disorders in ASD and ADHD showed a similar pattern of alteration to that observed in the Sz. Conclusions. The present review of the orbitofrontal sulcogyral pattern indicated that type I expression might reflect a neurodevelopmental protective marker, and type II and III expressions, as well as fewer numbers of IOS and POS, might reflect neurodevelopmental risk markers. These trait markers may be transdiagnostic among socially disabling diseases.

中文翻译：

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眶额沟回模式作为社会脑早期神经发育的跨诊断特征标记


客观的。系统评估先前关于精神疾病中眶额沟回模式的发现，并探讨该模式作为社会脑早期神经发育的跨诊断特征标记的效用。方法。使用 PubMed 数据库进行了在线文献检索，从建站到 2019 年 8 月。本综述纳入的研究基于 Chiavaras 最初对这种 H 形沟（I、II 和 III 型）、中间眶沟（IOS）的分类方法）和眶后沟（POS）。结果。审查中纳入了 26 项研究。十六项研究 (62%) 重点关注精神分裂症谱系 (Sz) 障碍，其余研究重点关注自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD)、注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD)、极度早产和极低出生体重史、双相情感障碍(BD)、恐慌症、强迫症、大麻使用者和病态赌博。在 Sz 中，与健康对照相比，I 型的眶额沟回模式减少，II 型和 III 型的增加，并且报告的 IOS 和 POS 数量较少，尽管性别和半球优势的特异性并不一致。 ASD 和 ADHD 中的 BD 和神经发育障碍表现出与 Sz 中观察到的类似的改变模式。结论。目前对眶额脑回模式的回顾表明，I 型表达可能反映神经发育保护标记，II 型和 III 型表达以及较少数量的 IOS 和 POS 可能反映神经发育风险标记。这些特征标记可能在社交障碍疾病中进行跨诊断。