Background/Objective

To examine subjective and objective sleep patterns in children with different Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) presentations. Method: We assessed 92 children diagnosed with ADHD (29 ADHD-Inattentive [ADHD-I], 31 ADHD-Hyperactive/Impulsive [ADHD-H/I], and 32 ADHD-Combined [ADHD-C)]) aged 7–11 years. The Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ), Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS), and a sleep diary were used as subjective sleep measures, and polysomnography was used to objectively assess sleep quantity, quality, and fragmentation. Results: Subjective data showed impaired sleep in 12.7% of the sample. No significant differences were found between ADHD presentations in any objective and subjective sleep variable. Nevertheless, data on sleep fragmentation suggested a worse sleep continuity for the ADHD-H/I group, and correlation analyses confirmed that sleep is affected by age. Conclusions: Children with ADHD may suffer from sleep breathing problems and daytime sleepiness, as reported by their parents, even when their total sleep time and sleep efficiency are not affected. It seems that sleep in this population does not largely vary as a function of the ADHD presentation. Sleep in children with ADHD evolves with age.

中文翻译：

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睡眠在注意力缺陷/多动障碍的表现中：客观和主观测量的分析。

背景/目标

检查具有不同注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 表现的儿童的主观和客观睡眠模式。方法：我们评估了 92 名诊断为 ADHD 的儿童（29 名注意力不集中 [ADHD-I]、31 名 ADHD-多动/冲动 [ADHD-H/I] 和 32 名 ADHD 合并 [ADHD-C)]），年龄在 7-11 岁之间年。采用小儿睡眠问卷 (PSQ)、小儿日间嗜睡量表 (PDSS) 和睡眠日记作为主观睡眠指标，并使用多导睡眠图客观评估睡眠数量、质量和碎片。结果：主观数据显示，12.7% 的样本存在睡眠障碍。在任何客观和主观睡眠变量中，ADHD 表现之间没有显着差异。然而，关于睡眠碎片化的数据表明 ADHD-H/I 组的睡眠连续性较差，相关分析证实睡眠受年龄影响。结论：即使他们的总睡眠时间和睡眠效率没有受到影响，ADHD 儿童也可能会出现睡眠呼吸问题和白天嗜睡，正如他们的父母所报告的那样。似乎这个人群的睡眠并没有作为 ADHD 表现的函数而有很大的变化。ADHD 儿童的睡眠随着年龄的增长而变化。