Background/Objective

The main aim of this study was to analyze differences in inhibition and cognitive flexibility, taking into account some variables that may influence results (non verbal reasoning, depression, anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty, comorbidity, medication consumption).

Method

The participants were 95 adults aged 17-61 years old (M = 33.48, SD = 11.13), primary (most severe) Generalized Anxiety Disorder or Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and a healthy control group. Neuropsychological neasures were completed using computerized Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Stroop Color Word Test and Go/NoGo Task.

Results

Clinical groups presented worse results in cognitive flexibility to the control group. The obsessive-compulsive group showed worse scores in flexibility than the generalized anxiety group, once non-verbal reasoning and tolerance to uncertainty were controlled. Comorbidity and medication use did not affect results in the obsessive compulsive group but did however influence the generalized anxiety group.

Conclusions

Cognitive flexibility could be included treatment in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder.

中文翻译：

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强迫症和广泛性焦虑症患者的认知灵活性和反应抑制。

背景/目标

本研究的主要目的是分析抑制和认知灵活性的差异，考虑到一些可能影响结果的变量（非语言推理、抑郁、焦虑、不能容忍不确定性、合并症、药物消耗）。

方法

参与者为 95 名年龄 17-61 岁的成年人（M  = 33.48，SD  = 11.13），原发性（最严重）广泛性焦虑症或强迫症以及健康对照组。使用计算机威斯康星卡片分类测试、斯特鲁普色词测试和Go/NoGo任务完成神经心理学测量。

结果

临床组在认知灵活性方面的结果比对照组更差。一旦非语言推理和对不确定性的容忍度得到控制，强迫症组的灵活性得分就比广泛性焦虑症组差。合并症和药物使用不会影响强迫症组的结果，但会影响广泛性焦虑症组的结果。

结论

认知灵活性可以包含在强迫症和广泛性焦虑症的治疗中。