Background/Objective

Protective factors are relevant for mental health in general, however, universality of the instruments has been rarely tested. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine psychometric properties and cross-cultural measurement invariance of salutogenic constructs.

Method

Data was collected from university students of Pakistan (n = 1,841) and Germany (n = 7,890). Single-group confirmatory analysis (CFA) and multiple-group CFA was tested to examine the proposed factor structure and measurement invariance of Positive Mental Health Scale, Resilience Scale, Perceived Social Support Questionnaire, and Life Satisfaction Scale across student samples from Pakistan and Germany respectively.

Results

We found strong measurement invariance for the Positive Mental Health Scale, Life Satisfaction Scale, and partial strong measurement for the Resilience Scale, and Perceived Social Support Questionnaire.

Conclusions

The results indicate that these scales could be recommended for the meaningful comparison of latent means across cultures. Understanding these differences would further advance our knowledge about the mechanism underlying positive mental health.

中文翻译：

---

巴基斯坦和德国的有益结构：横断面研究。

背景/目标

保护因素通常与心理健康有关，但是，这些工具的普遍性很少经过测试。因此，目前的研究旨在检验健康结构的心理测量特性和跨文化测量不变性。

方法

数据来自巴基斯坦 ( n  = 1,841) 和德国 ( n = 7,890) 的大学生。测试了单组验证性分析 (CFA) 和多组 CFA，以分别在来自巴基斯坦和德国的学生样本中检验提出的积极心理健康量表、复原力量表、感知社会支持问卷和生活满意度量表的因子结构和测量不变性.

结果

我们发现积极心理健康量表、生活满意度量表和弹性量表和感知社会支持问卷的部分强测量具有很强的测量不变性。

结论

结果表明，这些量表可以推荐用于跨文化的潜在均值的有意义的比较。了解这些差异将进一步加深我们对积极心理健康背后机制的认识。