In this study, a multiple-model strategy is evaluated as an alternative closed-loop method for subcutaneous insulin delivery in type 1 diabetes. Non-linearities of the glucose-insulin regulatory system are considered by modelling the system around five different operating points. After conducting some identification experiments in the UVA/Padova metabolic simulator (accepted simulator by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)), five transfer functions are obtained for these operating points. Paying attention to some physiological facts, the control objectives such as the required settling time and permissible bounds of overshoots and undershoots are determined for any transfer functions. Then, five PID controllers are tuned to achieve these objectives and a bank of controllers is constructed. To cope with difficulties of the presence of delays in subcutaneous blood glucose (BG) measuring and in administration of insulin, a glucose-dependent setpoint is considered as the desired trajectory for the BG concentration. The performance of the obtained closed-loop glucose-insulin regulatory system is investigated on the in silico adult cohort of the UVA/Padova metabolic simulator. The obtained results show that the proposed multiple-model strategy leads to a closed-loop mechanism with limited hyperglycemia and no severe hypoglycemia.

中文翻译：

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1型糖尿病患者的血糖浓度控制：多模型策略。

在这项研究中，多模型策略被评估为 1 型糖尿病皮下胰岛素输送的替代闭环方法。通过围绕五个不同操作点对系统进行建模来考虑葡萄糖-胰岛素调节系统的非线性。在 UVA/Padova 代谢模拟器（美国食品药品监督管理局 (FDA) 认可的模拟器）中进行了一些识别实验后，获得了这些操作点的五个传递函数。注意一些生理事实，为任何传递函数确定控制目标，例如所需的稳定时间和允许的过冲和下冲范围。然后，调整五个 PID 控制器以实现这些目标，并构建一组控制器。为了应对皮下血糖 (BG) 测量和胰岛素给药中存在延迟的困难，葡萄糖依赖性设定点被认为是 BG 浓度的理想轨迹。在 UVA/Padova 代谢模拟器的计算机成人队列中研究了获得的闭环葡萄糖-胰岛素调节系统的性能。所得结果表明，所提出的多模型策略导致高血糖受限且无严重低血糖的闭环机制。在 UVA/Padova 代谢模拟器的计算机成人队列中研究了获得的闭环葡萄糖-胰岛素调节系统的性能。所得结果表明，所提出的多模型策略导致高血糖受限且无严重低血糖的闭环机制。在 UVA/Padova 代谢模拟器的计算机成人队列中研究了获得的闭环葡萄糖-胰岛素调节系统的性能。所得结果表明，所提出的多模型策略导致高血糖受限且无严重低血糖的闭环机制。