ABSTRACT

In recent years, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have widely been considered as therapeutic tools in basic researches and clinical trials. Accumulating evidence supports the idea that MSCs perform their therapeutic roles in paracrine manner especially through trophic factors and extracellular vesicles (EVs). Compared to cells, EVs have several advantages to be used as therapeutic agents, such as they lack self-replicating capabilities, dangers of ectopic differentiation, and tumor formation, genetic instability, and cellular rejection by the immune system. Since the MSC-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) appear to exert similar therapeutic effects of their parent cells, such as ability to arrive themselves to the site of injury and immunomodulatory properties, MSC-EVs have been widely studied in many animal models, including kidney, liver, cardiovascular, immunological, and neurological diseases. Regarding this, MSC-EVs look to be a novel and interesting approach to be studied in clinical trials of different inflammatory diseases. In this review, we summarize the properties and applications of MSC-EVs in different diseases.

摘要

近年来，间充质干/基质细胞（MSC）在基础研究和临床试验中被广泛认为是治疗工具。越来越多的证据支持了MSC以旁分泌方式发挥其治疗作用的想法，尤其是通过营养因子和细胞外囊泡（EV）。与细胞相比，电动汽车具有用作治疗剂的几个优势，例如，它们缺乏自我复制能力，异位分化的危险，肿瘤形成，遗传不稳定以及免疫系统对细胞的排斥。由于MSC衍生的EV（MSC-EV）似乎发挥了与其母细胞相似的治疗作用，例如能够使其自身到达损伤部位和免疫调节特性，因此MSC-EV已在许多动物模型中得到了广泛研究，包括肾脏，肝脏，心血管，免疫和神经疾病。关于这一点，MSC-EV似乎是在不同炎症疾病的临床试验中研究的一种新颖而有趣的方法。在这篇综述中，我们总结了MSC-EV在不同疾病中的特性和应用。