Oleaginous yeasts natively produce surplus triacylglycerol lipid and can be engineered for higher yield and productivity. Most enzymatic steps of triacylglycerol production are characterized, but key parts of the pathway remain unknown. This introduces uncertainty to metabolic engineering strategy and the upper limit of achievable lipid yield. Here, we present our current understanding of the oleaginous yeast triacylglycerol biosynthesis pathway, review metabolic engineering strategies, and discuss bioprocess constraints on lipid production. We also present a simplified substrate allocation model capturing the interaction of percent lipid content on overall triacylglycerol yield, productivity, and fermentation cost, which should help frame achievable bioprocess metrics.

中文翻译：

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从油质酵母中的糖工程化生产三酰基甘油。

油质酵母天然产生多余的三酰基甘油脂质，可以进行工程改造以提高产量和生产率。表征了三酰甘油生产的大多数酶促步骤，但是该途径的关键部分仍然未知。这给代谢工程策略和可达到的脂质产量上限带来了不确定性。在这里，我们介绍我们目前对油性酵母三酰基甘油生物合成途径的理解，回顾代谢工程策略，并讨论对脂质生产的生物过程限制。我们还提出了一种简化的底物分配模型，该模型捕获了脂质含量百分比对三酰甘油总产量，生产率和发酵成本的相互作用，这将有助于构建可实现的生物过程指标。