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Mild steel and stainless steel welding fumes elicit pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant effects in first trimester trophoblast cells.
American Journal of Reproductive Immunology ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-03 , DOI: 10.1111/aji.13221
Nicole S Olgun 1 , Anna M Morris 1 , Lauren N Bowers 2 , Aleksandr B Stefaniak 2 , Sherri A Friend 1 , Sandra E Reznik 3 , Stephen S Leonard 1
Affiliation  

PROBLEM As more women join the skilled-trade workforce, the effects of workplace exposures on pregnancy need to be explored. This study aims to identify the effects of mild steel and stainless steel welding fume exposures on cultured placental trophoblast cells. METHOD OF STUDY Welding fumes (mild steel and stainless steel) were generously donated by Lincoln Electric. Electron microscopy was used to characterize welding fume particle size and the ability of particles to enter extravillous trophoblast cells (HTR-8/SVneo). Cellular viability, free radical production, cytokine production, and ability of cells to maintain invasive properties were analyzed, respectively, by WST-1, electron paramagnetic resonance, DCFH-DA, V-plex MULTI-SPOT assay system, and a matrix gel invasion assay. RESULTS For all three welding fume types, average particle size was <210 nm. HTR-8/SVneo cells internalized welding particles, and nuclear condensation was observed. Cellular viability was significantly decreased at the high dose of 100 µg/mL for all three welding fumes, and stainless steel generated the greatest production of the hydroxyl radical, and intracellular reactive oxygen species. Production of the cytokines IL-1β and TNFα were not observed in response to welding fume exposure, but IL-6 and IL-8 were. Finally, the invasive capability of cells was decreased upon exposure to both mild steel and stainless steel welding fumes. CONCLUSION Welding fumes are cytotoxic to extravillous trophoblasts, as is evident by the production of free radicals, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the observed decrease in invasive capabilities.

中文翻译:

低碳钢和不锈钢焊接烟气会在孕早期的滋养细胞中引起促炎和促氧化剂作用。

问题随着越来越多的妇女加入熟练技工队伍,有必要探索工作场所暴露对怀孕的影响。这项研究旨在确定低碳钢和不锈钢焊接烟尘对培养的胎盘滋养细胞的影响。研究方法林肯电气公司慷慨捐赠了焊接烟雾(低碳钢和不锈钢)。电子显微镜用于表征焊烟的粒径和颗粒进入绒毛外滋养层细胞(HTR-8 / SVneo)的能力。分别通过WST-1,电子顺磁共振,DCFH-DA,V-plex MULTI-SPOT分析系统和基质凝胶侵袭分析了细胞活力,自由基产生,细胞因子产生和细胞维持侵袭特性的能力。分析。结果对于所有三种焊接烟雾,平均粒径<210nm。HTR-8 / SVneo细胞将焊接颗粒内化,并观察到核凝聚。在所有三种焊接烟雾中,高剂量100 µg / mL时,细胞活力均显着降低,并且不锈钢产生的羟基自由基和细胞内活性氧种类最多。焊接烟雾暴露未观察到细胞因子IL-1β和TNFα的产生,但IL-6和IL-8产生。最后,当暴露于低碳钢和不锈钢焊接烟气中时,细胞的侵袭能力降低。结论焊接烟雾对绒毛外滋养细胞具有细胞毒性,自由基的产生,促炎性细胞因子以及所观察到的侵袭能力降低证明了这一点。HTR-8 / SVneo细胞将焊接颗粒内化,并观察到核凝聚。在所有三种焊接烟雾中,高剂量100 µg / mL时,细胞活力均显着降低,并且不锈钢产生的羟基自由基和细胞内活性氧种类最多。焊接烟雾暴露未观察到细胞因子IL-1β和TNFα的产生,但IL-6和IL-8产生。最后,当暴露于低碳钢和不锈钢焊接烟气中时,细胞的侵袭能力降低。结论焊接烟雾对绒毛外滋养细胞具有细胞毒性,自由基的产生,促炎性细胞因子以及所观察到的侵袭能力降低证明了这一点。HTR-8 / SVneo细胞将焊接颗粒内化,并观察到核凝聚。在所有三种焊接烟雾中,高剂量100 µg / mL时,细胞活力均显着降低,并且不锈钢产生的羟基自由基和细胞内活性氧种类最多。焊接烟雾暴露未观察到细胞因子IL-1β和TNFα的产生,但IL-6和IL-8产生。最后,当暴露于低碳钢和不锈钢焊接烟气中时,细胞的侵袭能力降低。结论焊接烟雾对绒毛外滋养细胞具有细胞毒性,自由基的产生,促炎性细胞因子以及所观察到的侵袭能力降低证明了这一点。在所有三种焊接烟雾中,高剂量100 µg / mL时,细胞活力均显着降低,并且不锈钢产生的羟基自由基和细胞内活性氧种类最多。焊接烟雾暴露未观察到细胞因子IL-1β和TNFα的产生,但IL-6和IL-8产生。最后,当暴露于低碳钢和不锈钢焊接烟气中时,细胞的侵袭能力降低。结论焊接烟雾对绒毛外滋养细胞具有细胞毒性,自由基的产生,促炎性细胞因子以及所观察到的侵袭能力降低证明了这一点。在所有三种焊接烟雾中,高剂量100 µg / mL时,细胞活力均显着降低,并且不锈钢产生的羟基自由基和细胞内活性氧种类最多。焊接烟雾暴露未观察到细胞因子IL-1β和TNFα的产生,但IL-6和IL-8产生。最后,当暴露于低碳钢和不锈钢焊接烟气中时,细胞的侵袭能力降低。结论焊接烟雾对绒毛外滋养细胞具有细胞毒性,自由基的产生,促炎性细胞因子以及所观察到的侵袭能力降低证明了这一点。焊接烟雾暴露未观察到细胞因子IL-1β和TNFα的产生,但IL-6和IL-8产生。最后,当暴露于低碳钢和不锈钢焊接烟气中时,细胞的侵袭能力降低。结论焊接烟雾对绒毛外滋养细胞具有细胞毒性,自由基的产生,促炎性细胞因子以及所观察到的侵袭能力降低证明了这一点。焊接烟雾暴露未观察到细胞因子IL-1β和TNFα的产生,但IL-6和IL-8产生。最后,当暴露于低碳钢和不锈钢焊接烟气中时,细胞的侵袭能力降低。结论焊接烟雾对绒毛外滋养细胞具有细胞毒性,自由基的产生,促炎性细胞因子以及所观察到的侵袭能力降低证明了这一点。
更新日期:2020-03-30
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