The term 'immunogenic cell death' (ICD) denotes an immunologically unique type of regulated cell death that enables, rather than suppresses, T cell-driven immune responses that are specific for antigens derived from the dying cells. The ability of ICD to elicit adaptive immunity heavily relies on the immunogenicity of dying cells, implying that such cells must encode and present antigens not covered by central tolerance (antigenicity), and deliver immunostimulatory molecules such as damage-associated molecular patterns and cytokines (adjuvanticity). Moreover, the host immune system must be equipped to detect the antigenicity and adjuvanticity of dying cells. As cancer (but not normal) cells express several antigens not covered by central tolerance, they can be driven into ICD by some therapeutic agents, including (but not limited to) chemotherapeutics of the anthracycline family, oxaliplatin and bortezomib, as well as radiation therapy. In this Trial Watch, we describe current trends in the preclinical and clinical development of ICD-eliciting chemotherapy as partner for immunotherapy, with a focus on trials assessing efficacy in the context of immunomonitoring.

中文翻译：

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试用：免疫肿瘤学中化学疗法诱导的免疫原性细胞死亡。

术语“免疫原性细胞死亡”（ICD）表示一种受调节的细胞死亡的免疫学独特类型，它能够而不是抑制T细胞驱动的免疫应答，该应答对死亡细胞的抗原具有特异性。ICD引起适应性免疫的能力在很大程度上取决于垂死细胞的免疫原性，这意味着此类细胞必须编码并呈递未被中枢耐受性覆盖的抗原（抗原性），并提供免疫刺激性分子，例如与损伤相关的分子模式和细胞因子（佐剂性）。 ）。而且，必须配备宿主免疫系统以检测垂死细胞的抗原性和佐剂性。由于癌细胞（而非正常细胞）表达几种中枢耐受性未涵盖的抗原，因此某些治疗剂可能会将其驱动到ICD中，包括（但不限于）蒽环类，奥沙利铂和硼替佐米的化学疗法以及放射疗法。在本试验观察中，我们描述了ICD引发的化学疗法作为免疫疗法的合作伙伴在临床前和临床开发中的当前趋势，重点是在免疫监测范围内评估功效的试验。