Objective: The oral microbiota has been deeply studied by high-throughput sequencing techniques. However, although the interproximal regions have one of the highest caries rates in the oral cavity, information about the bacterial composition at those sites is scarce. Methods: In this study, we used 16S rRNA Illumina sequencing to describe the microbiota associated to interproximal regions at two time points. In addition, dental plaque samples at the vestibular and lingual surfaces from the same teeth were also analysed at the two time points. Results: Interproximal-associated microbiota was found to be similar to already described bacterial communities in other mouth niches. Streptoccocus, Veillonella, Rothia, Actinomyces, Neisseria, Haemophilus and Fusobacterium were the most abundant genera in this oral region. Statistical analyses showed that the microbiota from interproximal sites was more similar to that sampled from the vestibular surfaces than to the lingual surfaces. Interestingly, many potentially cariogenic bacteria such as Scardovia, Atopobium or Selenomonas were over-represented in the interproximal regions in comparison with vestibular and lingual sites. Conclusion: The microbiota at interproximal regions appears to be specific and stable through time. Potentially pathogenic bacteria may increase caries development risk and gingival inflammation at those sites.

中文翻译：

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高通量的微生物群在近端位点的DNA测序。

目的：通过高通量测序技术对口腔微生物群进行了深入研究。然而，尽管近邻区域在口腔中具有最高的龋齿发生率之一，但是关于那些部位的细菌组成的信息却很少。方法：在这项研究中，我们使用16S rRNA Illumina测序来描述两个时间点与邻近区域相关的微生物群。此外，还在两个时间点分析了同一颗牙齿的前庭和舌侧表面的牙菌斑样品。结果：发现近端间微生物群与其他口腔生态位中已描述的细菌群落相似。链球菌，Veillonella，Rothia，放线菌，奈瑟菌，嗜血杆菌和梭菌是该口腔区域中最丰富的属。统计分析表明，近端部位的菌群与前庭表面的菌群相比，与舌面的菌群更为相似。有趣的是，与前庭和舌头部位相比，许多潜在的致癌细菌（如斯卡多维亚，托托氏菌或硒单胞菌）在近端间区域的过量表达。结论：随着时间的流逝，近端区域的菌群表现出特异性且稳定。潜在的致病细菌可能会增加这些部位的龋齿发展风险和牙龈发炎。与前庭和舌头部位相比，近端间的区域中的异位菌或Selenomonas的代表过多。结论：随着时间的流逝，近端区域的菌群表现出特异性且稳定。潜在的致病细菌可能会增加这些部位的龋齿发展风险和牙龈发炎。与前庭和舌头部位相比，近端间的区域中的异位菌或Selenomonas的代表过多。结论：随着时间的流逝，近端区域的菌群表现出特异性且稳定。潜在的致病细菌可能会增加这些部位的龋齿发展风险和牙龈发炎。