Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have the potential to shape urban life and significantly modify travel behaviors. "Autonomous technology" means technology that can drive a vehicle without active physical control or monitoring by a human operator. The first AV fleets are already in service in US cities. AVs offer a variety of automation, vehicle ownership, and vehicle use options. AVs could increase some health risks (such as air pollution, noise, and sedentarism); however, if proper regulated, AVs will likely reduce morbidity and mortality from motor vehicle crashes and may help reshape cities to promote healthy urban environments. Healthy models of AV use include fully electric vehicles in a system of ridesharing and ridesplitting. Public health will benefit if proper policies and regulatory frameworks are implemented before the complete introduction of AVs into the market. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Public Health, Volume 41 is April 1, 2020. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

中文翻译：

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自动驾驶汽车与公共卫生。

自动驾驶汽车有可能改变城市生活并显着改变出行行为。“自主技术”是指可以驾驶车辆而无需人工进行主动物理控制或监视的技术。第一批视听车队已经在美国城市服役。视音频提供各种自动化，车辆所有权和车辆使用选项。影音可能会增加一些健康风险（例如空气污染，噪音和久坐感）；但是，如果受到适当的监管，自动驾驶汽车将有可能减少因机动车撞车而造成的发病率和死亡率，并可能有助于重塑城市以促进健康的城市环境。健康的视听使用模型包括在共享乘车和拆分系统中的纯电动汽车。如果在将视听设备完全引入市场之前实施适当的政策和监管框架，公共卫生将受益。《公共卫生年度回顾》（第41卷）的预期最终在线发布日期为2020年4月1日。有关修订的估算，请参见http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。