BACKGROUND Quantitative bacterial culture and susceptibility testing is the gold standard diagnostic for determining bacterial urinary tract infection. Transport of samples to external reference laboratories is common practice in veterinary medicine. OBJECTIVE To compare bacterial culture and susceptibility results from clinical urine samples when streak plate inoculation is performed immediately after sample collection versus after transport to a reference laboratory. To determine the clinical implications of discrepant culture results. ANIMALS One hundred and ninety-four canine and 45 feline urine samples that were submitted for urinalysis and urine culture and susceptibility testing. METHODS This was a prospective, cross-sectional study. Streak plate inoculations were performed on urine samples immediately after collection and also after transport to a reference laboratory. Samples were stored in plain sterile tubes and refrigerated up to 24 hours before transport. Culture results were compared, and discordant results were evaluated for clinical relevance. Signalment, comorbidities, lower urinary tract signs, and antimicrobial history were recorded. RESULTS Kappa coefficient for agreement between plating methods was 0.884. Twenty-two (71%) of 31 discrepant results were determined to have no clinical impact. Though 35% of clean midstream samples had discrepant culture results, only 8% of these had clinical impact. Conversely, 8.6% from cystocentesis were discrepant, but 41% of these had clinical impact. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Provided urine samples are stored and transported appropriately, the immediate preplating of urine for culture and susceptibility testing is unnecessary in the majority of cases. Despite more discrepancies in plating methods for midstream samples, the minority were of clinical importance.

中文翻译：

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在狗和猫的尿细菌培养和药敏试验中立即接种和延迟接种接种板的比较。

背景技术定量细菌培养和药敏试验是确定细菌性尿路感染的金标准诊断。样品运输到外部参考实验室是兽医学的普遍做法。目的比较从样本收集后立即进行条纹板接种与运输到参考实验室后进行临床接种时的临床尿液样本的细菌培养和药敏结果。确定差异培养结果的临床意义。动物194个犬和45个猫尿样品被提交进行尿液分析，尿培养和药敏试验。方法这是一项前瞻性的横断面研究。收集尿液样本后，以及运输到参考实验室后，立即对尿液样本进行划线接种。样品存储在普通无菌试管中，并在运输前冷藏24小时。比较培养结果，并评估不一致的结果的临床相关性。记录信号，合并症，下尿路征象和抗菌史。结果电镀方法之间一致性的卡伯系数为0.884。31个差异结果中有22个（71％）被确定对临床无影响。尽管35％的干净中游样品的培养结果不同，但其中只有8％的样品对临床有影响。相反，膀胱穿刺术有8.6％的差异，但其中41％有临床影响。结论和临床意义如果尿液样本被适当地存储和运输，在大多数情况下就不需要立即对尿液进行预培养以进行培养和药敏试验。尽管中游样品的电镀方法存在更多差异，但少数仍具有临床重要性。