Chronic inflammation can create a microenvironment that can contribute to the formation of prostate pathologies. Far less well understood is the origin of inflammation in the prostate. One potential source is microbial infections of the prostate. This review summarizes recent findings regarding the presence of bacteria in the prostate and the dysbiosis of bacterial populations in the urinary tract and the gastrointestinal tract related to prostate cancer, thereby focusing on next-generation sequencing (NGS)-generated data. The current limitations regarding NGS-based detection methods and other difficulties in the quest for a microbial etiology for prostate cancer are discussed. We then focus on a few bacterial species, including Cutibacterium acnes and Escherichia coli that are often NGS-detected in prostatic tissue specimens, and discuss their possible contribution as initiator or enhancer of prostate inflammation and prostate carcinogenesis.

中文翻译：

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细菌签名及其与前列腺癌相关的炎性潜能。

慢性炎症会产生微环境，有助于前列腺病理的形成。人们对前列腺炎的起源还知之甚少。一种潜在的来源是前列腺的微生物感染。这篇综述总结了有关前列腺中细菌的存在以及与前列腺癌有关的泌尿道和胃肠道细菌群的营养不良的最新发现，从而着重于下一代测序（NGS）生成的数据。讨论了有关基于NGS的检测方法的当前局限性以及在寻求前列腺癌微生物病因方面的其他困难。然后，我们重点介绍几种细菌，包括痤疮皮肤炎杆菌和大肠埃希氏菌，这些细菌通常在前列腺组织标本中被NGS检测到，