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CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis to validate the synergy between PARP1 inhibition and chemotherapy in BRCA1-mutated breast cancer cells.
Bioengineering & Translational Medicine ( IF 7.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-02 , DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10152
Rachel L Mintz 1 , Yeh-Hsing Lao 1 , Chun-Wei Chi 2 , Siyu He 1 , Mingqiang Li 1, 3 , Chai Hoon Quek 1 , Dan Shao 1 , Boyuan Chen 1 , Jing Han 1, 4 , Sihong Wang 2 , Kam W Leong 1, 5
Affiliation  

For patients carrying BRCA1 mutations, at least one-third develop triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Not only is TNBC difficult to treat due to the lack of molecular target receptors, but BRCA1 mutations (BRCA1m) also result in chemotherapeutic resistance, making disease recurrence more likely. Although BRCA1m are highly heterogeneous and therefore difficult to target, BRCA1 gene's synthetic lethal pair, PARP1, is conserved in BRCA1m cancer cells. Therefore, we hypothesize that targeting PARP1 might be a fruitful direction to sensitize BRCA1m cancer cells to chemotherapy. We used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate PARP1 deficiency in two TNBC cell lines, MDA-MB-231 (BRCA1 wild-type) and MDA-MB-436 (BRCA1m). We explored whether this PARP1 disruption (PARP1m) could significantly lower the chemotherapeutic dose necessary to achieve therapeutic efficacy in both a 2D and 3D tumor-on-a-chip model. With both BRCA1m and PARP1m, the TNBC cells were more sensitive to three representative chemotherapeutic breast cancer drugs, doxorubicin, gemcitabine and docetaxel, compared with the PARP1 wild-type counterpart in the 2D culture environment. However, PARP1m did not result in this synergy in the 3D tumor-on-a-chip model, suggesting that drug dosing in the tumor microenvironment may influence the synergy. Taken together, our results highlight a discrepancy in the efficacy of the combination of PARP1 inhibition and chemotherapy for TNBC treatment, which should be clarified to justify further clinical testing.

中文翻译:

CRISPR / Cas9介导的诱变,以验证BRCA1突变的乳腺癌细胞中PARP1抑制与化学疗法之间的协同作用。

对于携带BRCA1突变的患者,至少三分之一会发展为三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)。TNBC不仅由于缺乏分子靶标受体而难以治疗,而且BRCA1突变(BRCA1m)也导致化疗耐药,从而使疾病复发的可能性更大。尽管BRCA1m具有高度异质性,因此难以靶向,但BRCA1基因的合成致死对PARP1在BRCA1m癌细胞中是保守的。因此,我们假设靶向PARP1可能是使BRCA1m癌细胞对化疗敏感的有效方向。我们使用CRISPR / Cas9技术在两个TNBC细胞系MDA-MB-231(BRCA1野生型)和MDA-MB-436(BRCA1m)中产生PARP1缺陷。我们探讨了这种PARP1破坏(PARP1m)是否可以显着降低在2D和3D芯片上肿瘤模型中实现治疗功效所需的化学治疗剂量。在2D培养环境中,与BRAP1野生型对应物相比,对于BRCA1m和PARP1m,TNBC细胞对三种代表性的化学治疗乳腺癌药物阿霉素,吉西他滨和多西他赛更加敏感。但是,PARP1m在3D芯片上肿瘤模型中并未产生这种协同作用,这表明在肿瘤微环境中给药可能会影响协同作用。两者合计,我们的结果突出了PARP1抑制和化学疗法联合用于TNBC治疗的疗效差异,应加以澄清以证明进一步的临床试验是正确的。与2D培养环境中的PARP1野生型对应物相比,使用BRCA1m和PARP1m时,TNBC细胞对三种代表性的化学治疗乳腺癌药物阿霉素,吉西他滨和多西他赛更加敏感。但是,PARP1m在3D芯片上肿瘤模型中并未产生这种协同作用,这表明在肿瘤微环境中给药可能会影响协同作用。综上所述,我们的研究结果突出了PARP1抑制与化学疗法联合用于TNBC治疗的功效差异,应加以澄清以证明进一步的临床试验是正确的。与2D培养环境中的PARP1野生型对应物相比,使用BRCA1m和PARP1m时,TNBC细胞对三种代表性的化学治疗乳腺癌药物阿霉素,吉西他滨和多西他赛更加敏感。但是,PARP1m在3D芯片上肿瘤模型中并未产生这种协同作用,这表明在肿瘤微环境中给药可能会影响协同作用。综上所述,我们的研究结果突出了PARP1抑制与化学疗法联合用于TNBC治疗的功效差异,应加以澄清以证明进一步的临床试验是正确的。但是,PARP1m在3D芯片上肿瘤模型中并未产生这种协同作用,这表明在肿瘤微环境中给药可能会影响协同作用。两者合计,我们的结果突出了PARP1抑制和化学疗法联合用于TNBC治疗的疗效差异,应加以澄清以证明进一步的临床试验是正确的。但是,PARP1m在3D芯片上肿瘤模型中并未产生这种协同作用,这表明在肿瘤微环境中给药可能会影响协同作用。综上所述,我们的研究结果突出了PARP1抑制与化学疗法联合用于TNBC治疗的功效差异,应加以澄清以证明进一步的临床试验是正确的。
更新日期:2020-01-02
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