Exposure to traffic noise is associated with stress and sleep disturbances. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently concluded that road traffic noise increases the risk for ischemic heart disease and potentially other cardiometabolic diseases, including stroke, obesity, and diabetes. The WHO report focused on whole-day noise exposure, but new epidemiological and translational field noise studies indicate that nighttime noise, in particular, is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) through increased levels of stress hormones and vascular oxidative stress, leading to endothelial dysfunction and subsequent development of various CVDs. Novel experimental studies found noise to be associated with oxidative stress-induced vascular and brain damage, mediated by activation of the NADPH oxidase, uncoupling of endothelial and neuronal nitric oxide synthase, and vascular/brain infiltration with inflammatory cells. Noise-induced pathophysiology was more pronounced in response to nighttime as compared with daytime noise. This review focuses on the consequences of nighttime noise. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Public Health, Volume 41 is April 1, 2020. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

中文翻译：

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以夜间噪声为重点的交通噪声对心血管的不良影响和新的WHO噪声准则。

暴露于交通噪声中会导致压力和睡眠障碍。世界卫生组织（WHO）最近得出结论，道路交通噪音会增加患缺血性心脏病和其他潜在的心脏代谢疾病（包括中风，肥胖和糖尿病）的风险。世卫组织的报告侧重于全天噪声暴露，但新的流行病学和转化领域噪声研究表明，尤其是夜间噪声，通过增加压力激素和血管氧化应激水平，是心血管疾病（CVD）的重要危险因素，内皮功能障碍和各种CVD的后续发展。新的实验研究发现，噪音与NADPH氧化酶的激活介导的氧化应激诱导的血管和脑损伤有关，内皮和神经元一氧化氮合酶的解偶联，以及炎症细胞的血管/脑浸润。与白天噪声相比，噪声引起的病理生理对夜间的反应更为明显。这篇评论着重于夜间噪音的后果。《公共卫生年度回顾》（第41卷）的预期最终在线发布日期为2020年4月1日。有关修订的估算，请参见http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。