Abstract Aortic stenosis (AS) disease is a narrowing of the aortic valve (AV) opening which reduces blood flow from the heart causing several health complications. Although a lot of work has been done in AV simulations, most of the efforts have been conducted regarding healthy valves. In this article, a new three-dimensional patient-specific biomechanical model of the valve, based on a parametric formulation of the stenosis that permits the simulation of different degrees of pathology, is presented. The formulation is based on a double approach: the first one is done from the geometric point of view, reducing the effective ejection area of the AV by joining leaflets using a zipper effect to sew them; the second one, in terms of functionality, is based on the modification of AV tissue properties due to the effect of calcifications. Both healthy and stenotic valves were created using patient-specific data and results of the numerical simulation of the valve function are provided. Analysis of the results shows a variation in the first principal stress, geometric orifice area, and blood velocity which were validated against clinical data. Thus, the possibility to create a pipeline which allows the integration of patient-specific data from echocardiographic images and iFR studies to perform finite elements analysis is proved.

中文翻译：

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病理性主动脉瓣的生物力学模型：模拟主动脉瓣狭窄

摘要 主动脉瓣狭窄 (AS) 疾病是主动脉瓣 (AV) 开口变窄，导致心脏血流量减少，导致多种健康并发症。尽管在 AV 模拟方面已经做了很多工作，但大部分工作都是针对健康瓣膜进行的。在本文中，提出了一种新的 3D 患者特定瓣膜生物力学模型，该模型基于允许模拟不同程度病理的狭窄参数公式。该公式基于双重方法：第一个是从几何角度完成的，通过使用拉链效果将传单连接起来以缝合它们来减少 AV 的有效射出面积；第二个，就功能而言，是基于由于钙化作用导致的 AV 组织特性的改变。使用患者特定数据创建健康瓣膜和狭窄瓣膜，并提供瓣膜功能的数值模拟结果。结果分析显示了第一主应力、几何孔口面积和血流速度的变化，这些变化已根据临床数据进行了验证。因此，证明了创建一个管道的可能性，该管道允许从超声心动图图像和 iFR 研究中整合患者特定数据以执行有限元分析。