Suicidal behavior and death by suicide are significant and pressing problems in the Bhutanese refugee community. Currently, Bhutanese refugees are dying by suicide at a rate nearly two times that of the general U.S. population. Proper identification of risk factors for suicide saves lives; however, if risk is underestimated due to culturally inflexible risk assessments, preventable deaths may continue to occur. In this review, we examine specific cultural factors related to psychopathology and suicide among Bhutanese refugees. To contextualize the current suicide crisis among Bhutanese refugees, we propose an integration of the interpersonal psychological theory of suicide (Joiner, 2005) and the cultural model of suicide (Chu, Goldblum, Floyd, & Bongar, 2010). We provide recommendations for preventing suicide from a systems framework and discuss practical lessons from a preliminary study designed to test a culturally-responsive model of suicide in Bhutanese refugees.

中文翻译：

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在美国重新安置的不丹难民中的自杀和与自杀有关的行为。

自杀行为和自杀死亡是不丹难民社区的重大而紧迫的问题。目前，不丹难民的自杀率几乎是美国总人口的两倍。正确识别自杀危险因素可以挽救生命；然而，如果由于文化上缺乏灵活性的风险评估而低估了风险，则可预防的死亡可能会继续发生。在这篇综述中，我们研究了与不丹难民的精神病理学和自杀相关的特定文化因素。为了将当前不丹难民的自杀危机置于情境中，我们建议将自杀的人际心理学理论（Joiner，2005）与自杀的文化模型（Chu、Goldblum、Floyd 和 Bongar，2010）结合起来。