Ageing, genetic, medical and lifestyle factors contribute to the risk of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias. Around a third of dementia cases are attributable to modifiable risk factors such as physical inactivity, smoking and hypertension. With the rising prevalence and lack of neuroprotective drugs, there is renewed focus on dementia prevention strategies across the lifespan. Neurologists encounter many people with risk factors for dementia and are frequently asked whether lifestyle changes may help. Exercise has emerged as a key intervention for influencing cognition positively, including reducing the risk of age-related cognitive decline and dementia. This article focuses on the current evidence for physical inactivity as a modifiable dementia risk factor and aims to support neurologists when discussing risk reduction.

中文翻译：

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运动和痴呆症预防

衰老、遗传、医疗和生活方式因素会增加阿尔茨海默病和其他痴呆症的风险。大约三分之一的痴呆症病例可归因于可改变的风险因素，例如缺乏身体活动、吸烟和高血压。随着神经保护药物的流行和缺乏，人们重新关注整个生命周期的痴呆症预防策略。神经科医生会遇到许多患有痴呆症危险因素的人，并且经常被问及改变生活方式是否有帮助。锻炼已成为积极影响认知的关键干预措施，包括降低与年龄相关的认知能力下降和痴呆症的风险。本文重点介绍目前缺乏身体活动作为可改变的痴呆症风险因素的证据，旨在为神经科医生讨论降低风险提供支持。