The survey was undertaken to investigate the presence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Salmonella spp. in raw and ready-to-eat (RTE) foods, and Campylobacter spp. in the retail raw chicken meat collected in two counties of Transylvania, Romania. A total of 13.1% (51/388) of the examined food samples were found to be Salmonella positive, with a distribution of 14.7% (48/326) in the raw food (i.e., pork, chicken carcass, and shell egg) and 4.8% (3/62) in the RTE samples (i.e., sausages, but not ham and salami), respectively. These differences were statistically significant (p = 0.034). The isolates were serotyped as Salmonella Infantis (n = 19), Salmonella Typhimurium (n = 11) Salmonella Rissen (n = 8), Salmonella Derby (n = 3), Salmonella Enteritidis (n = 3), Salmonella Bredeney (n = 2), Salmonella Brandenburg (n = 1), Salmonella Gloucester (n = 1), Salmonella Goldcoast (n = 1), Salmonella Kottbus (n = 1), and Salmonella Ruzizi (n = 1). Campylobacter strains were present in 29.4% (10/34) of the investigated chicken samples, and the identified species were Campylobacter coli (70%) and C. jejuni (30%). From the 14 tested antimicrobials, the Salmonella isolates were resistant against azithromycin (88.2%), tetracycline (54.9%), sulfamethoxazole (54.9%), ciprofloxacin (45.1%), nalidixic acid (43.1%), ampicillin (35.3%), chloramphenicol (33.3%), tigecycline (25.5%), cefotaxime (13.7%), colistin (13.7%), trimethoprim (7.8%), and gentamicin (2%), resulting in the expression of 21 multidrug-resistant (MDR) profiles. Of 10 Campylobacter isolates, 80% were resistant to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid, 40% to tetracycline, and 10% to streptomycin and erythromycin, respectively. Our findings indicate that Romanian isolates of Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp., contaminating animal-origin foods, can exhibit MDR patterns, representing a public health risk.

中文翻译：

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沙门氏菌属的发生率和抗微生物药物敏感性特征。在生食和即食食品和弯曲杆菌属中。在罗马尼亚特兰西瓦尼亚零售生鸡肉。

进行这项调查是为了调查沙门氏菌属的存在和抗菌药物敏感性。在生的和即食 (RTE) 食品中，以及弯曲杆菌属。在罗马尼亚特兰西瓦尼亚两个县收集的零售生鸡肉中。共有 13.1% (51/388) 的受检食物样本被发现沙门氏菌呈阳性，14.7% (48/326) 分布于生食（即猪肉、鸡尸体和带壳蛋）和RTE 样品（即香肠，但不包括火腿和意大利腊肠）分别为 4.8% (3/62)。这些差异具有统计学意义（p  = 0.034）。分离株的血清型为婴儿沙门氏菌( n  = 19)、沙门氏菌鼠伤寒 ( n  = 11)沙门氏菌( n  = 8)、德比沙门氏菌( n  = 3)、肠炎沙门氏菌 ( n  = 3)、布雷德尼沙门氏菌( n  = 2)、勃兰登堡沙门氏菌( n  = 1)、格洛斯特沙门氏菌( n  = 1)、沙门氏菌Goldcoast ( n  = 1)、沙门氏菌Kottbus ( n  = 1) 和沙门氏菌Ruzizi ( n  = 1)。弯曲杆菌29.4% (10/34) 的受调查鸡样本中存在大肠杆菌菌株，鉴定的物种是弯曲杆菌(70%) 和空肠弯曲杆菌(30%)。在测试的 14 种抗菌药物中，沙门氏菌分离株对阿奇霉素 (88.2%)、四环素 (54.9%)、磺胺甲恶唑 (54.9%)、环丙沙星 (45.1%)、萘啶酸 (43.1%)、氨苄青霉素 (35.3%) 耐药(33.3%)、替加环素 (25.5%)、头孢噻肟 (13.7%)、粘菌素 (13.7%)、甲氧苄氨嘧啶 (7.8%) 和庆大霉素 (2%)，导致 21 种多重耐药 (MDR) 谱的表达。10弯曲杆菌80%对环丙沙星和萘啶酸耐药，40%对四环素耐药，10%对链霉素和红霉素耐药。我们的研究结果表明，罗马尼亚分离出的沙门氏菌属。和弯曲杆菌属，污染动物源性食品，可以表现出耐多药模式，代表公共健康风险。