Sarcopenia is a multifactorial process defined by loss of strength and skeletal muscle mass, which leads to a reduction in muscle cross‐sectional area (CSA). Although resistance training (RT) has been indicated as a tool to counteract sarcopenia, the protein profile associated with skeletal muscle adaptations remains to be determined. We investigated the effects of 12 weeks of RT on the skeletal muscle proteome profile and CSA of young and older rats. Twenty‐four animals were divided into four groups: young sedentary or trained and older sedentary or trained (six animals per group). A 12‐week RT protocol was performed, which consisted of climbing a vertical ladder. The proteins from the gastrocnemius were analysed by LC‐ESI‐MS/MS. One‐hundred and thirty‐one proteins were identified, of which 28 were assessed between the groups. Ageing induced an increase in proteins associated with the glycolytic pathway, transport and stress response, which represent crucial mechanisms for muscle adaptation. RT upregulated metabolic enzymes, anti‐oxidant activity and transport proteins, besides increasing hypertrophy, regardless of age, suggesting a beneficial adaptation to mitigate age‐related sarcopenia. RT reduced muscle atrophy through the regulation of stress response and by increasing proteins related to energy production and transport, which in turn might protect tissue damage arising from exercise and ageing.

中文翻译：

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响应阻力训练，老年大鼠骨骼肌蛋白质组学变化。

肌肉减少症是由力量和骨骼肌质量下降所定义的多因素过程，导致肌肉横截面积（CSA）的减少。尽管抵抗训练（RT）已被证明是抵抗肌肉减少症的一种工具，但与骨骼肌适应相关的蛋白质谱仍有待确定。我们调查了12周的放疗对年轻和老年大鼠骨骼肌蛋白质组谱和CSA的影响。24只动物分为四组：久坐的或久坐的和久坐的或久坐的（每组六只）。进行了为期12周的RT方案，包括攀登垂直梯子。通过LC-ESI-MS / MS分析了腓肠肌中的蛋白质。鉴定出一百三十一种蛋白质，其中两组之间评估了二十八种蛋白质。衰老诱导与糖酵解途径，转运和应激反应相关的蛋白质增加，这代表了肌肉适应的关键机制。RT上调了代谢酶，抗氧化活性和转运蛋白，除了增加肥大之外，与年龄无关，这表明它对减轻与年龄有关的肌肉减少症具有有益的适应作用。RT通过调节压力反应以及增加与能量产生和运输有关的蛋白质来减少肌肉萎缩，从而可以保护运动和衰老引起的组织损伤。不论年龄大小，都建议进行有益的调整以减轻与年龄有关的肌肉减少症。RT通过调节压力反应以及增加与能量产生和运输有关的蛋白质来减少肌肉萎缩，从而可以保护运动和衰老引起的组织损伤。不论年龄大小，都建议进行有益的调整以减轻与年龄有关的肌肉减少症。RT通过调节压力反应以及增加与能量产生和运输有关的蛋白质来减少肌肉萎缩，从而可以保护运动和衰老引起的组织损伤。