There are about 44 million licensed older drivers in the U.S. Older adults have higher crash rates and fatalities as compared to middle-aged and young drivers, which might be associated with degradations in sensory, cognitive, and physical capabilities. Advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) have the potential to substantially improve safety by removing some of driver vehicle control responsibilities. However, a critical aspect of providing ADAS is educating drivers on their operational characteristics and continued use. Twenty older adults participated in a driving simulation study assessing the effectiveness of video-based and demonstration-based training protocols in learning ADAS considering gender differences. The findings revealed video-based training to be more effective than demonstration-based training in improving driver performance and reducing off-road visual attention allocation and mental workload. In addition, female drivers required lower investment of mental effort (higher neural efficiency) to maintain the performance relative to males and they were less distracted by ADAS. However, male drivers were faster in activating ADAS as compared to females since they were monitoring the status of ADAS features more frequently while driving. The findings of this study provided an empirical support for using video-based approach for learning ADAS in older adults to improve driver safety and supported previous findings on older adults' learning that as age increases there is a tendency to prefer more passive and observational learning methods.

中文翻译：

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使用驾驶员性能，注意力分配和神经效率措施评估高级驾驶员辅助系统培训。

在美国，大约有4400万获得许可的老年驾驶员与中年和年轻驾驶员相比，老年人的撞车率和致死率更高，这可能与感觉，认知和身体能力的下降有关。先进的驾驶员辅助系统（ADAS）可以消除驾驶员对车辆的控制责任，从而显着提高安全性。但是，提供ADAS的一个关键方面是对驾驶员进行操作特性和持续使用方面的教育。20名老年人参加了驾驶模拟研究，评估了考虑到性别差异的基于视频和基于演示的培训协议在学习ADAS中的有效性。研究结果表明，基于视频的培训比基于演示的培训在改善驾驶员性能和减少越野视觉注意力分配和精神工作量方面更为有效。此外，与男性相比，女性驾驶员需要较低的精神投入（较高的神经效率）才能保持表现，而ADAS可以使他们分心。但是，男性驾驶员比女性驾驶员更快地激活ADAS，因为他们在驾驶时更频繁地监视ADAS功能的状态。这项研究的结果为使用视频方法在老年人中学习ADAS以改善驾驶员安全提供了经验支持，并支持以前的老年人发现，即随着年龄的增长，人们倾向于使用更被动和观察性学习方法的发现。 。