Musculoskeletal sitting discomfort, specifically caused by long-term sitting, is primarily triggered by physiological fatigue on the human body due to its own weight. Passive seat designs can produce inadequate surface pressure zones on the body resulting in high musculoskeletal stress leading to physical discomfort. However, as proposed in this work, this can be alleviated by decentralizing the occupant's weight with an automatic morphing lumbar seat design. The morphing seat design presented in this paper adjusts in real-time, the seat's surface curvature to decentralize the pressure distribution. The seat system consists of a custom-made pressure sensor mat embedded within the backrest cushion and two pneumatic actuators located in the lumbar area. The purpose of this seat design is to produce a change in the backrest surface curvature so that such change creates a pressure distribution closely resembling a reference distribution. Said reference distribution is derived in this work based on the concept of the Ideal Pressure Distribution. The effectiveness of the discomfort reduction due to the decentralization of the backrest load is evaluated using an objective discomfort metric known as Seat Pan Distribution percentage applied only to the backrest, peak pressure areas and contact area. Preliminary performance tests of the seat system demonstrate the successful decentralization of the passenger's pressure distribution. The evaluation of the discomfort reduction is observed via the lowering in the objective discomfort metric and peak pressure areas while simultaneously increasing the contact area between the passenger and seat.

中文翻译：

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具有腰部控制功能的飞机乘客座椅的压力感应。

肌肉骨骼坐着不适，特别是长期坐着引起的，主要是由于人体自身的重量引起的生理疲劳所致。被动式座椅设计会在人体上产生不足的表面压力区域，从而导致高肌肉骨骼压力，从而导致身体不适。但是，如这项工作中所建议的那样，可以通过自动变形腰部座椅设计分散乘员的体重来减轻这种情况。本文提出的变形座椅设计可实时调整座椅的表面曲率，以分散压力分布。座椅系统由嵌入在靠背垫中的定制压力传感器垫和位于腰部区域的两个气动执行器组成。该座椅设计的目的是产生靠背表面曲率的变化，以使这种变化产生与参考分布非常相似的压力分布。所述参考分布是基于理想压力分布的概念在这项工作中得出的。使用客观不适感度量方法（由于仅适用于靠背，峰值压力区域和接触区域的座垫分配百分比）来评估由于靠背负载分散而导致的不适减轻的效果。座椅系统的初步性能测试证明了乘客压力分布的成功分散。