The age-associated B cell subset has been the focus of increasing interest over the last decade. These cells have a unique cell surface phenotype and transcriptional signature, and they rely on TLR7 or TLR9 signals in the context of Th1 cytokines for their formation and activation. Most are antigen-experienced memory B cells that arise during responses to microbial infections and are key to pathogen clearance and control. Their increasing prevalence with age contributes to several well-established features of immunosenescence, including reduced B cell genesis and damped immune responses. In addition, they are elevated in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, and in these settings they are enriched for characteristic autoantibody specificities. Together, these features identify age-associated B cells as a subset with pivotal roles in immunological health, disease, and aging. Accordingly, a detailed understanding of their origins, functions, and physiology should make them tractable translational targets in each of these settings.

中文翻译：

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年龄相关的 B 细胞。

在过去十年中，与年龄相关的 B 细胞亚群一直是人们越来越感兴趣的焦点。这些细胞具有独特的细胞表面表型和转录特征，它们的形成和激活依赖于 Th1 细胞因子背景下的 TLR7 或 TLR9 信号。大多数是抗原经历的记忆 B 细胞，它们在对微生物感染的反应过程中出现，是病原体清除和控制的关键。它们随着年龄的增长而日益流行，这导致了免疫衰老的几个公认特征，包括 B 细胞生成减少和免疫反应减弱。此外，它们在自身免疫性疾病和自身炎症性疾病中升高，并且在这些情况下，它们因特征性自身抗体特异性而富集。一起，这些特征将年龄相关的 B 细胞识别为在免疫健康、疾病和衰老中具有关键作用的子集。因此，对它们的起源、功能和生理学的详细了解应该使它们在这些环境中的每一个中都成为易于处理的转化目标。