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Deep Intronic Mutation in SERPING1 Caused Hereditary Angioedema Through Pseudoexon Activation.
Journal of Clinical Immunology ( IF 7.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-25 , DOI: 10.1007/s10875-020-00753-2
Pavla Hujová 1, 2 , Přemysl Souček 1, 3 , Lucie Grodecká 1 , Hana Grombiříková 1, 2 , Barbora Ravčuková 1 , Pavel Kuklínek 4 , Roman Hakl 2, 4 , Jiří Litzman 2, 4 , Tomáš Freiberger 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

PURPOSE Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant life-threatening disease characterized by low levels of C1 inhibitor (type I HAE) or normal levels of ineffective C1 inhibitor (type II HAE), typically occurring as a consequence of a SERPING1 mutation. In some cases, a causal mutation remains undetected after using a standard molecular genetic analysis. RESULTS Here we show a long methodological way to the final discovery of c.1029 + 384A > G, a novel deep intronic mutation in intron 6 which is responsible for HAE type I in a large family and has not been identified by a conventional diagnostic approach. This mutation results in de novo donor splice site creation and subsequent pseudoexon inclusion, the mechanism firstly described to occur in SERPING1 in this study. We additionally discovered that the proximal part of intron 6 is a region potentially prone to pseudoexon-activating mutations, since natural alternative exons and additional cryptic sites occur therein. Indeed, we confirmed the existence of at least two different alternative exons in this region not described previously. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our results suggest that detecting aberrant transcripts, which are often low abundant because of nonsense-mediated decay, requires a modified methodological approach. We suggest SERPING1 intron 6 sequencing and/or tailored mRNA analysis to be routinely used in HAE patients with no mutation identified in the coding sequence.

中文翻译:

SERPING1 中的深度内含子突变通过假外显子激活引起遗传性血管性水肿。

目的遗传性血管性水肿 (HAE) 是一种罕见的常染色体显性遗传性危及生命的疾病,其特征是低水平的 C1 抑制剂(I 型 HAE)或正常水平的无效 C1 抑制剂(II 型 HAE),通常是 SERPING1 突变的结果。在某些情况下,使用标准分子遗传分析后,因果突变仍未检测到。结果 在这里,我们展示了最终发现 c.1029 + 384A > G 的漫长方法论,这是内含子 6 中的一种新的深度内含子突变,它是一个大家族中 I 型 HAE 的原因,尚未通过常规诊断方法进行鉴定. 这种突变导致从头供体剪接位点的创建和随后的假外显子包含,在本研究中首次描述发生在 SERPING1 中的机制。我们还发现内含子 6 的近端部分是一个可能容易发生假外显子激活突变的区域,因为其中存在天然的替代外显子和额外的隐蔽位点。事实上,我们证实了在这个区域中至少存在两个不同的替代外显子,之前没有描述过。结论 总之,我们的结果表明,检测异常转录本(由于无义介导的衰变而通常是低丰度的)需要改进的方法学方法。我们建议将 SERPING1 内含子 6 测序和/或定制的 mRNA 分析常规用于编码序列中未发现突变的 HAE 患者。我们确认在该区域中至少存在两个不同的替代外显子,之前没有描述过。结论 总之,我们的结果表明,检测异常转录本(由于无义介导的衰变而通常是低丰度的)需要改进的方法学方法。我们建议将 SERPING1 内含子 6 测序和/或定制的 mRNA 分析常规用于编码序列中未发现突变的 HAE 患者。我们证实了在这个区域中至少存在两个不同的替代外显子,之前没有描述过。结论 总之,我们的结果表明,检测异常转录本(由于无义介导的衰变而通常是低丰度的)需要改进的方法学方法。我们建议将 SERPING1 内含子 6 测序和/或定制的 mRNA 分析常规用于编码序列中未发现突变的 HAE 患者。
更新日期:2020-04-21
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