Biobanking plays an important role between clinical practice and translational research. In addition to the traditional biomolecular-based biobanks, there is a growing interest in establishing living biobanks, including organoid biobanks that can collect and store viable and functional tissues and proliferative cell types for long periods of time. An organoid is a three-dimensional cell complex derived by self-organization of small tissue blocks or stem cells, which can recapitulate the phenotypic and genetic characteristics of targeted human organs. Publications on brain organoids have increased recently, and several types of brain organoids have been reported to model normal and abnormal neural development, as well as different neurodegenerative diseases, neuropsychiatric disorders, and other neural conditions. Based on the current status of research, more exploration on brain organoids is needed, through technical advancements, to improve the reproducibility and scalability, as well as to decrease the diversity. Moreover, given their natural characteristics, more attention to ethical considerations is needed, considering the extent of maturation and complexity of brain organoids. Living biobanks that are engaged in collecting categories of brain organoids possessing different genetic backgrounds, and with spatial and temporal characteristics, will eventually contribute to the understanding of neural conditions and ultimately facilitate innovative treatment development.

中文翻译：

---

脑型器官：用于神经科学研究的有前途的生物资源库。

生物银行在临床实践和转化研究之间起着重要作用。除了传统的基于生物分子的生物库外，人们对建立活的生物库也越来越感兴趣，包括可以长时间收集和储存有活力和功能性组织以及增殖细胞类型的类器官生物库。类器官是由小型组织块或干细胞的自组织产生的三维细胞复合物，可以概括目标人体器官的表型和遗传特征。关于脑类器官的出版物最近有所增加，并且已经报道了几种类型的脑类器官来模拟正常和异常的神经发育，以及不同的神经退行性疾病，神经精神疾病和其他神经疾病。根据目前的研究状况，需要通过技术进步对脑类器官进行更多的探索，以提高可重复性和可扩展性，并减少多样性。此外，考虑到它们的自然特性，考虑到大脑类器官的成熟程度和复杂性，需要更多地关注道德考量。从事收集具有不同遗传背景，具有时空特征的类脑器官的活生物库，最终将有助于理解神经疾病，并最终促进创新性治疗的发展。考虑到它们的自然特性，考虑到大脑类器官的成熟程度和复杂性，需要更多地关注道德考量。从事收集具有不同遗传背景，具有时空特征的类脑器官的活生物库，最终将有助于理解神经疾病，并最终促进创新性治疗的发展。考虑到它们的自然特性，考虑到大脑类器官的成熟程度和复杂性，需要更多地关注道德考量。从事收集具有不同遗传背景，具有时空特征的类脑器官的活生物库，最终将有助于理解神经疾病，并最终促进创新性治疗的发展。