The aim of this study was to explore the effects of age and sex on the rate of force development scaling factor (RFD-SF) and maximum performance (i.e., maximum grip force [GFMax] and maximum rate of grip force development [RGFDMax]) of precision handgrip muscles. Sixty-four subjects, allocated in four groups according to their age and sex, were asked to hold an instrumented handle with the tip of the digits and perform two tests: maximum voluntary contraction and RFD-SF tests. In the maximum voluntary contraction test, GFMax and RGFDMax were assessed. In the RFD-SF test, the subjects generated quick isometric force pulses to target amplitudes varying between 20% and 100% of their GFMax. The RFD-SF and R2 values were obtained from the linear relationship between the peak values of the force pulses and the corresponding peak values of the rate of force development. Younger adults and males produced higher GFMax and RGFDMax and presented higher R2 and RFD-SF than older adults and females, respectively. No correlations between GFMax and RFD-SF and between RGFDMax and RFD-SF were observed.

中文翻译：

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最大肌肉性能和精确抓地力的力量发展比例因子的年龄和性别相关差异。

这项研究的目的是探讨年龄和性别对力量发展比例因子（RFD-SF）和最大性能（即最大抓地力[GFMax]和最大抓地力发展率[RGFDMax]）的影响的精确握力。根据年龄和性别将64位受试者分为四组，他们被要求握住带有指尖的器械手柄并进行两项测试：最大自愿收缩和RFD-SF测试。在最大自愿收缩测试中，对GFMax和RGFDMax进行了评估。在RFD-SF测试中，受试者产生快速的等距力脉冲，以达到其GFMax的20％至100％之间变化的目标幅度。RFD-SF和R2值是从力脉冲的峰值与相应的力发展速率峰值之间的线性关系获得的。较年轻的成年人和男性分别产生更高的GFMax和RGFDMax，并且呈现出比老年成年人和女性更高的R2和RFD-SF。GFMax和RFD-SF之间以及RGFDMax和RFD-SF之间没有相关性。