Anxiety and depressive disorders can be classified under a bidimensional model, where depression and generalized anxiety disorder are represented by distress and the other anxiety disorders, by fear. The phenotypic structure of this model has been validated, but twin studies only show partial evidence for genetic and environmental distinctions between distress and fear. Moreover, the effects of genetic variants are mostly shared between anxiety and depression, but the genome‐wide genetic distinction between distress and fear remains unexplored. This study aimed to examine the degree of common genetic variation overlap between distress and fear, and their associations with the psychosocial risk factors of loneliness and social isolation.

中文翻译：

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英国生物银行中焦虑和抑郁的遗传和环境层次结构。


焦虑症和抑郁症可以根据二维模型进行分类，其中抑郁症和广泛性焦虑症以痛苦为代表，而其他焦虑症以恐惧为代表。该模型的表型结构已得到验证，但双胞胎研究仅显示了痛苦和恐惧之间遗传和环境差异的部分证据。此外，遗传变异的影响主要在焦虑和抑郁之间共享，但痛苦和恐惧之间的全基因组遗传差异仍未得到探索。本研究旨在探讨痛苦和恐惧之间常见遗传变异重叠的程度，以及它们与孤独和社会孤立等心理社会危险因素的关联。