Mitochondria are organelles with significant cellular functions, especially cellular bioenergetics and apoptosis. They are structural and functional elements of cell respiration with the electron transport system (ETS), whose role is to provide adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy. The Krebs cycle and fatty acid oxidation take place within mitochondria. Other metabolic pathways and cycles include some steps inside and outside the mitochondria (e.g., the urea cycle, steroid biosynthesis, heme biosynthesis, and cardiolipin synthesis). Dysfunction of mitochondria plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of a variety of diseases including degenerative diseases, aging, and cancer, etc. Nowadays the interest of the mitochondrial respiratory function is still increasing due to their importance in the physiology and pathophysiology of an organism. Neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y is widely used as an in vitro model in neurodegenerative diseases, where mitochondrial dysfunction is considered as a key mechanism in pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders. This paper gives first insight into the mitochondrial respiration and characterization of SH-SY5Y cells, with basic information of respiration in different coupling control states including ROUTINE, LEAK, and maximal electron transport (ET) capacity.

中文翻译：

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评估神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y完整细胞线粒体功能的高分辨率呼​​吸测定法。

线粒体是具有重要细胞功能的细胞器，尤其是细胞生物能和细胞凋亡。它们是电子传输系统（ETS）进行细胞呼吸作用的结构和功能元素，其作用是提供三磷酸腺苷（ATP），用作化学能源。克雷布斯循环和脂肪酸氧化发生在线粒体内。其他代谢途径和周期包括线粒体内部和外部的某些步骤（例如尿素循环，类固醇生物合成，血红素生物合成和心磷脂合成）。线粒体功能异常在各种疾病的病理生理中起着关键作用，包括退行性疾病，衰老和癌症等。如今，由于线粒体呼吸功能在生物的生理学和病理生理学中的重要性，其兴趣仍在增加。神经母细胞瘤细胞系SH-SY5Y被广泛用作神经退行性疾病的体外模型，其中线粒体功能障碍被认为是神经退行性疾病的病理生理学的关键机制。本文首次深入了解SH-SY5Y细胞的线粒体呼吸作用和特征，并提供了包括ROUTINE，LEAK和最大电子传递（ET）能力在内的不同耦合控制状态下的呼吸作用基本信息。线粒体功能障碍被认为是神经退行性疾病病理生理的关键机制。本文首次深入了解SH-SY5Y细胞的线粒体呼吸作用和特征，并提供了包括ROUTINE，LEAK和最大电子传递（ET）能力在内的不同耦合控制状态下的呼吸作用基本信息。线粒体功能障碍被认为是神经退行性疾病病理生理的关键机制。本文首次深入了解SH-SY5Y细胞的线粒体呼吸作用和特征，并提供了包括ROUTINE，LEAK和最大电子传递（ET）能力在内的不同耦合控制状态下的呼吸作用基本信息。