Whole grains have been associated with a number of health benefits. We systematically reviewed existing meta-analyses of observational studies and evaluated the level of evidence for their putative effects based on pre-selected criteria. Of the 23 included studies, we found convincing evidence of an inverse association between whole grain consumption and risk of type-2 diabetes and colorectal cancer; possible evidence of decreased risk of colon cancer and cardiovascular mortality with increased whole grain intake, as well as increased risk of prostate cancer. Limited or insufficient evidence was available for all other outcomes investigated. Overall findings are encouraging for a positive effect of whole grain consumption on certain diseases, especially highly prevalent metabolic diseases, however, uncertainty of some negative associations deserves further attention.

全谷物与许多健康益处有关。我们系统地审查了观测研究的现有荟萃分析，并根据预先选择的标准评估了其推定效果的证据水平。在包括在内的23项研究中，我们发现令人信服的证据表明，全谷物消费与2型糖尿病和结直肠癌风险之间存在负相关关系。全谷物摄入量增加，降低结肠癌风险和心血管疾病死亡率的可能证据，以及前列腺癌的风险增加。对于所有其他调查结果，证据有限或证据不足。总体研究结果令人鼓舞，认为食用全谷物食品对某些疾病，尤其是高度流行的代谢性疾病具有积极作用，但是，