Recent global-scale studies have revealed intense levels of human activities within many protected areas worldwide. However, these analyses rely on coarse global-scale data, making their utility for informing local-scale conservation action limited. We developed a spatially explicit national human footprint index for Iran, a biologically diverse country in west Asia, based on the latest high-resolution datasets available for human pressures. We assessed the extent and intensity of human pressure within Iranian protected areas, and across the biomes and ecoregions of Iran. We found that almost one-quarter (22%) of officially protected land was under intense human pressure, mostly located in north-west and west of the country. Protected areas within temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands are most impacted, with two-third of their area under intense pressure. The findings provide valuable information for targeting management strategies to alleviate human pressures within protected areas, and also act as a comprehensive database to track the state of protected areas through time.

中文翻译：

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评估国家人类足迹及其对伊朗生物多样性保护的影响。

最近的全球范围研究揭示了世界范围内许多保护区内人类活动的激烈程度。然而，这些分析依赖于粗略的全球尺度数据，使得它们在为当地尺度保护行动提供信息方面的效用受到限制。我们根据可用于应对人类压力的最新高分辨率数据集，为伊朗这个西亚生物多样性国家制定了空间明确的国家人类足迹指数。我们评估了伊朗保护区内以及伊朗整个生物群落和生态区域内人类压力的程度和强度。我们发现近四分之一 (22%) 的官方保护土地承受着巨大的人类压力，主要位于该国的西北部和西部。温带草原、稀树草原和灌木丛中的保护区受到的影响最大，三分之二的面积承受着巨大的压力。研究结果为目标管理策略提供了有价值的信息，以减轻保护区内的人类压力，并作为一个综合数据库来跟踪保护区的状态。