PURPOSE To investigate the correlation between the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures and the reading, spelling, writing, rapid naming, memory, and motor abilities in Arabic dyslexic children. This could verify the influence of possible white matter alterations on the abilities of those children. METHODS Twenty native Arabic-speaking children with dyslexia (15 males and 5 females; 8.2 years ± 1) underwent DTI of the brain on 1.5 T scanner. Diffusion-weighted images were acquired in 32 noncollinear direction. Tractography of the arcuate fasciculus (AF) was performed. Region of interest (ROI)-based approach was also used. Regions encompass superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), anterior and superior corona radiata (CR), and posterior limb of internal capsule (PLIC) were analyzed. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were measured. The aptitudes of those children were evaluated by the dyslexia assessment test. These abilities were statistically correlated with the FA and ADC of the AF and other ROIs. RESULTS The reduction of FA of right AF was related to worse overall reading and related abilities performance. The ADC of right SLF was negatively correlated with memory abilities. The ADC of right PLIC was positively correlated with writing performance. Other relations were also found. CONCLUSION White matter microstructural DTI measurements in the right AF, right PLIC, SLF, and left anterior and superior CR are correlated to reading, spelling, writing, memory, and rapid naming abilities of the participants. The DTI measures could be promising regarding their use as a biomarker for follow-up in developmental dyslexia.

中文翻译：

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弥散张量成像测量与阿拉伯读者的阅读和认知表现之间的相关性：阅读障碍儿童的观点。

目的探讨阿拉伯语阅读障碍儿童的弥散张量成像（DTI）措施与阅读，拼写，书写，快速命名，记忆和运动能力之间的相关性。这可以验证可能的白质改变对那些孩子的能力的影响。方法20名母语为阿拉伯语的阅读障碍儿童（男15例，女5例； 8.2岁±1岁）在1.5 T扫描仪上接受了脑DTI检查。沿32个非共线方向采集了扩散加权图像。进行弓形束（AF）的术式。还使用了基于感兴趣区域（ROI）的方法。分析区域包括上纵筋膜（SLF），前和上电晕放射线（CR）以及内囊后肢（PLIC）。测量了分数各向异性（FA）和表观扩散系数（ADC）。通过阅读障碍评估测试评估了这些孩子的能力。这些能力与AF和其他ROI的FA和ADC在统计上相关。结果右房颤的FA减少与整体阅读和相关能力表现较差有关。正确的SLF的ADC与记忆能力负相关。正确的PLIC ADC与写入性能呈正相关。还发现了其他关系。结论右房颤，右PLIC，SLF，左前和上CR的白质微结构DTI测量与参与者的阅读，拼写，书写，记忆和快速命名能力相关。