Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a common problem with consequences ranging from chronic joint instability to early development of osteoarthritis. Recent studies suggest that changes in brain activity (i.e., functional neuroplasticity) may be related to ACL injury. The purpose of this article is to summarize the available evidence of functional brain plasticity after an ACL injury. A scoping review was conducted following the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The terms “brain,” “activity,” “neuroplasticity,” “ACL,” “injury,” and “reconstruction” were used in an electronic search of articles in PubMed, PEDro, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus databases. Eligible studies included the following criteria: (a) population with ACL injury, (b) a measure of brain activity, and (c) a comparison to the ACL-injured limb (contralateral leg or healthy controls). The search yielded 184 articles from which 24 were included in this review. The effect size of differences in brain activity ranged from small (0.05, ACL-injured vs. noninjured limbs) to large (4.07, ACL-injured vs. healthy control). Moreover, heterogeneity was observed in the methods used to measure brain activity and in the characteristics of the participants included. In conclusion, the evidence summarized in this scoping review supports the notion of functional neuroplastic changes in people with ACL injury. The techniques used to measure brain activity and the presence of possible confounders, as identified and reported in this review, should be considered in future research to increase the level of evidence for functional neuroplasticity following ACL injury.

中文翻译：

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与ACL损伤相关的功能性大脑可塑性：当前证据的范围回顾。

前十字韧带（ACL）损伤是一个常见问题，其后果从慢性关节不稳到骨关节炎的早期发展不等。最近的研究表明，大脑活动的改变（即功能神经可塑性）可能与ACL损伤有关。本文的目的是总结ACL损伤后功能性大脑可塑性的可用证据。遵循Joanna Briggs研究所的指导方针以及系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目进行了范围界定审查。在PubMed，PEDro，CINAHL和SPORTDiscus数据库中对文章进行电子搜索时，使用了“大脑”，“活动性”，“神经可塑性”，“ ACL”，“损伤”和“重建”一词。符合条件的研究包括以下标准：（a）患有ACL损伤的人群，（b）衡量大脑活动的指标，（c）与ACL受伤的肢体（对侧腿或健康对照）的比较。搜索产生184篇文章，其中24篇被纳入本评价。脑活动差异的影响大小范围不大（0.05，ACL损伤vs.未受伤的四肢）到大（4.07，ACL损伤与健康对照）。此外，在用于测量大脑活动的方法和参与者的特征中观察到异质性。总之，本研究范围总结中的证据支持了ACL损伤患者的功能性神经增生性改变的观点。如本综述所鉴定和报道的，用于测量大脑活动和可能的混杂因素的技术应在以后的研究中加以考虑，以增加ACL损伤后功能性神经可塑性的证据水平。