Habits are an important mechanism by which organisms can automate the control of behavior to alleviate cognitive demand. However, transitions to habitual control are risky because they lead to inflexible responding in the face of change. The question of how the brain controls transitions into habit is thus an intriguing one. How do we regulate when our repeated actions become automated? When is it advantageous or disadvantageous to release actions from cognitive control? Decades of research have identified a variety of methods for eliciting habitual responding in animal models. Progress has also been made to understand which brain areas and neural circuits control transitions into habit. Here, I discuss existing research on behavioral and neural circuit models for habit formation (with an emphasis on striatal circuits), and discuss strategies for combining information from different paradigms and levels of analysis to prompt further progress in the field.

中文翻译：

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用于习惯形成的行为和神经回路模型的接口。

习惯是一种重要的机制，生物体通过它可以自动控制行为以减轻认知需求。然而，向习惯性控制的转变是有风险的，因为它们会导致在面对变化时做出不灵活的反应。因此，大脑如何控制转变为习惯的问题是一个有趣的问题。当我们的重复行为变得自动化时，我们如何进行监管？什么时候从认知控制中释放动作是有利的还是不利的？数十年的研究已经确定了在动物模型中引发习惯性反应的多种方法。在了解哪些大脑区域和神经回路控制转变为习惯方面也取得了进展。在这里，我将讨论关于习惯形成的行为和神经回路模型的现有研究（重点是纹状体回路），