Chile has experienced significant improvements in its economy; thus, a secular trend in height has been observed in its population. Gender equality has also improved hand in hand with active policies addressing the gender gap in several dimensions (work, education, health) and overall economic improvement. This study examined changes in sexual height dimorphism in four samples of Chilean male and female working-age subjects and attempted to establish associations with gender equality and welfare. Sexual height dimorphism was calculated and compared with gender equality and overall welfare indicators between 1955 and 1995. Sexual height dimorphism reduction was seen to be strongly associated with greater gender equality and some general welfare indicators, such as the infant mortality rate. Gross domestic product per capita was not associated with sexual height dimorphism, but it showed significant associations with gender equality indicators. Overall, the gender gap has been reduced in Chile, which can be observed through improvements in gender equality indicators and a reduction in height dimorphism, mainly in areas associated with women’s health. However, gender equality is still far behind in terms of female labour participation and women in political power, which require attention and further improvements.

中文翻译：

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智利的性别不平等和性别高度二态性

智利的经济显着改善；因此，在其人口中观察到身高的长期趋势。性别平等也随着积极的政策在多个方面（工作、教育、健康）和整体经济改善而得到改善。这项研究检查了智利男性和女性工作年龄受试者的四个样本中性别身高二态性的变化，并试图建立与性别平等和福利的关联。计算了性别身高二态性，并与 1955 年至 1995 年间的性别平等和总体福利指标进行了比较。性别身高二态性的减少被认为与更大的性别平等和一些总体福利指标（例如婴儿死亡率）密切相关。国内生产总值人均与性别身高二态性无关，但与性别平等指标显着相关。总体而言，智利的性别差距已经缩小，这可以通过性别平等指标的改善和身高差异的减少来观察，主要是在与女性健康相关的领域。但是，在女性劳动参与和女性政治权力方面，性别平等还远远落后，需要关注和进一步改进。