Implantable neural interfacing devices have added significantly to neural engineering by introducing the low-frequency oscillations of small populations of neurons known as local field potential as well as high-frequency action potentials of individual neurons. Regardless of the astounding progression as of late, conventional neural modulating system is still incapable to achieve the desired chronic in vivo implantation. The real constraint emerges from mechanical and physical diffierences between implants and brain tissue that initiates an inflammatory reaction and glial scar formation that reduces the recording and stimulation quality. Furthermore, traditional strategies consisting of rigid and tethered neural devices cause substantial tissue damage and impede the natural behaviour of an animal, thus hindering chronic in vivo measurements. Therefore, enabling fully implantable neural devices, requires biocompatibility, wireless power/data capability, biointegration using thin and flexible electronics, and chronic recording properties. This paper reviews biocompatibility and design approaches for developing biointegrated and wirelessly powered implantable neural devices in animals aimed at long-term neural interfacing and outlines current challenges toward developing the next generation of implantable neural devices.

中文翻译：

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生物集成和无线供电的植入式大脑设备：综述。

植入式神经接口设备通过引入少量的称为局部场电势的神经元的低频振荡以及单个神经元的高频动作电势，大大地增加了神经工程学。不管近来的惊人发展如何，常规的神经调节系统仍然无法实现所需的慢性体内植入。真正的限制来自植入物与大脑组织之间的机械和物理差异，该差异引发了炎症反应和神经胶质瘢痕形成，从而降低了记录和刺激质量。此外，由僵化和拴系的神经装置组成的传统策略会造成实质性的组织损伤并阻碍动物的自然行为，从而阻碍了慢性体内测量。因此，要实现完全可植入的神经设备，就需要生物相容性，无线电力/数据功能，使用薄而灵活的电子设备进行生物整合以及长期记录的特性。本文概述了生物相容性和设计方法，以开发用于动物的生物集成和无线供电的可植入神经装置，以实现长期的神经接口，并概述了开发下一代可植入神经装置的当前挑战。