Spouses of National Guard/Reserve (NG/R) military service members cope with deployment-related stressors (DRS) that may contribute to increased psychological distress. Research indicates that higher levels of social support are associated with reduced depression and anxiety in military spouses, but longitudinal relationships have not yet been examined bidirectionally. This study examines temporal relationships between 3 dimensions of social support (social connectedness, dyadic satisfaction, and perceived support), and psychological distress in a sample of NG/R spouses during the first year after a service member returns from deployment. Data from 103 military spouses were drawn from a larger intervention development study. Autoregressive cross-lagged panel analyses examined the stress-buffering and support erosion hypotheses over a 3-month period. DRS were measured by the cumulative number of deployments and duration of most recent deployment. Distress was assessed using latent variables of depression and anxiety. Statistically significant relationships emerged between initial levels of psychological distress and social connectedness at 3 months. Social support dimensions of dyadic satisfaction and perceived support did not predict subsequent levels of psychological distress. No significant relationships emerged between any dimension of social support at baseline and either form of psychological distress at 3 months. The support erosion hypothesis may more accurately describe the relationship between social support and psychological distress in this sample than the stress-buffering mechanism. During the first year of reintegration, social connectedness may be of particular relevance for NG/R spouses, as they may not have access to supports typically available to their active duty counterparts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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压力缓冲与支持侵蚀：军事配偶中社会支持与心理困扰之间因果关系的比较。

国民警卫队/预备役（NG / R）军人的配偶应付部署相关的压力源（DRS），这可能会加剧心理困扰。研究表明，更高水平的社会支持与减少军事配偶的抑郁和焦虑有关，但纵向关系尚未得到双向检验。这项研究研究了服务支持者从部署返回后的第一年中，NG / R配偶样本中的社会支持的三个维度（社会联系，三分满意和感知支持）与心理困扰之间的时间关系。来自103名军人配偶的数据来自更大的干预发展研究。自回归交叉滞后小组分析研究了3个月期间的应力缓冲和支持侵蚀假设。DRS通过部署的累积数量和最近部署的持续时间进行衡量。使用抑郁和焦虑的潜在变量评估痛苦。在3个月时，心理困扰的初始水平和社交联系之间出现了统计学上显着的关系。社会支持的满意度和感知支持的维度并不能预测随后的心理困扰水平。基线时的社会支持的任何方面与3个月时的任何一种心理困扰之间都没有发现显着的关系。与压力缓冲机制相比，支持侵蚀假设可以更准确地描述此样本中的社会支持与心理困扰之间的关系。在重新融合的第一年，社会联系对于NG / R配偶尤其重要，因为他们可能无法获得现役同伴通常可获得的支持。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。