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Ectopic maxillary third molar in Early Pleistocene Homo antecessor from Atapuerca-Gran Dolina site (Burgos, Spain).
American Journal of Physical Anthropology ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-14 , DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24010
Laura Martín-Francés 1, 2, 3 , María Martinón-Torres 2, 3 , Marina Martínez de Pinillos 2 , Priscilla Bayle 1 , Pilar Fernández-Colón 2 , Cecilia García-Campos 2 , Mario Modesto-Mata 4 , Eudald Carbonell 5, 6 , Juan Luis Arsuaga 7 , José María Bermúdez de Castro 2, 3
Affiliation  

OBJECTIVES Here we describe the case of an ectopic maxillary third molar (M3 ), preventing the eruption of the M2 , in the individual H3 of the hominin hypodigm of level TD6.2 of the Early Pleistocene site of Gran Dolina (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain). MATERIALS AND METHODS The fossil remains from the TD6.2 level of the Gran Dolina site (about 170 specimens) are assigned to Homo antecessor. Different geochronological methods place these hominins in the oxygen isotopic stage 21, between 0.8 and 0.85 million years ago (Ma). The immature individual H3 is represented by an almost complete midface (ATD6-69), preserving various teeth in situ. We used high-resolution microtomograhy (mCT) to investigate the abnormal position of the left M3 , virtually reconstruct M2 , and M3 as well as assessing the development stage of these. Finally, we compare this case with extinct and extant populations. RESULTS Based on the identified signs, we suggest that individual H3 suffered from a unilateral impaction of the M2 as a result of the ectopic position of the developing M3 . DISCUSSION We conclude that the most likely etiology for the ectopic position of the M3 is the lack of space in the maxilla. We discuss possible contributing factors, such as morphometric aspects of the maxilla and the early mineralization of the M3 , to support the M2 impaction. Finally, due to the early age at death of this individual we did not identify any secondary lesion associated with the M2 impaction.

中文翻译:

来自Atapuerca-Gran Dolina遗址(西班牙布尔戈斯)的早更新世前祖中的异位上颌第三磨牙。

目的在这里我们描述了异位上颌第三磨牙(M3)的情况,它防止了Gran Dolina(Sierra de Atapuerca,西班牙)。材料与方法将来自Gran Dolina遗址TD6.2水平的化石遗物(约170个标本)分配给同代人。不同的年代学方法将这些人豆素置于氧同位素阶段21中,介于0.8到85万年前(Ma)。未成熟的个体H3以几乎完整的中间面(ATD6-69)表示,保留了原位的各种牙齿。我们使用高分辨率显微照相术(mCT)来研究左侧M3的异常位置,虚拟地重建M2和M3以及评估其发展阶段。最后,我们将这种情况与已灭绝和现存的人口进行比较。结果基于已识别的体征,我们建议由于发展中的M3的异位,个体H3遭受M2的单方面影响。讨论我们得出结论,M3异位的最可能病因是上颌缺乏空间。我们讨论了可能的影响因素,例如上颌的形态特征和M3的早期矿化,以支持M2碰撞。最后,由于此人的死亡年龄较早,因此我们没有发现与M2撞击相关的任何继发性病变。我们建议个体H3由于发育中的M3的异位而遭受M2的单方面影响。讨论我们得出结论,M3异位的最可能病因是上颌缺乏空间。我们讨论了可能的影响因素,例如上颌的形态特征和M3的早期矿化,以支持M2碰撞。最后,由于此人的死亡年龄较早,因此我们没有发现与M2撞击相关的任何继发性病变。我们建议个体H3由于发育中的M3的异位而遭受M2的单方面影响。讨论我们得出结论,M3异位的最可能病因是上颌缺乏空间。我们讨论了可能的影响因素,例如上颌的形态特征和M3的早期矿化,以支持M2碰撞。最后,由于此人的死亡年龄较早,因此我们没有发现与M2撞击相关的任何继发性病变。
更新日期:2020-04-21
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