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Effects of Cocoa-Derived Polyphenols on Cognitive Function in Humans. Systematic Review and Analysis of Methodological Aspects
Plant Foods for Human Nutrition ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-13 , DOI: 10.1007/s11130-019-00779-x
Paloma K Barrera-Reyes 1 , Josué Cortés-Fernández de Lara 1 , Melissa González-Soto 1 , M Elizabeth Tejero 1
Affiliation  

The effects of cocoa-derived polyphenols on cognitive functions have been analyzed through numerous studies using different interventions (doses, vehicles, time frame, cognition tests, and characteristics of participants) which may hamper the interpretation and comparison of findings across investigations. Thus, a systematic review was conducted to analyze the effects of cocoa-derived polyphenols intake on human cognition and discuss the methodological aspects that may contribute to the heterogeneity of findings. Randomized clinical trials evaluating the effect of cocoa polyphenols on cognitive function in healthy subjects were selected according to selection criteria. Twelve studies were selected. Quality was assessed according to the Cochrane risk for bias tool. The most common risk for bias was the lack of information about the sequence generation process. Effects on cognitive function were observed after consumption of 50 mg/day of (−)-epicatechin and in studies using a component-matched placebo and cocoa as the polyphenol vehicle given to healthy adults (18–50 years). Memory ( n = 5) and executive function ( n = 4) showed the most significant effects with medium and large effect sizes after intake of intermediate doses of cocoa flavanols (500–750 mg/day). Overall, this set of studies suggest a positive effect of cocoa polyphenols on memory and executive function. However, the available evidence is very diverse and future studies may address the identified sources of variation to strengthen current evidence on this promising field.

中文翻译:

可可衍生多酚对人类认知功能的影响。方法学方面的系统回顾和分析

可可衍生多酚对认知功能的影响已通过大量使用不同干预措施(剂量、载体、时间框架、认知测试和参与者特征)的研究进行了分析,这可能会妨碍对调查结果的解释和比较。因此,进行了系统评价以分析可可衍生多酚摄入对人类认知的影响,并讨论可能导致研究结果异质性的方法学方面。根据选择标准选择评估可可多酚对健康受试者认知功能影响的随机临床试验。选择了 12 项研究。根据 Cochrane 偏倚风险工具评估质量。最常见的偏倚风险是缺乏关于序列生成过程的信息。在服用 50 mg/天的 (-)-表儿茶素后以及在使用成分匹配的安慰剂和可可作为多酚载体给予健康成人(18-50 岁)的研究中观察到对认知功能的影响。在摄入中等剂量的可可黄烷醇(500-750 毫克/天)后,记忆 (n = 5) 和执行功能 (n = 4) 显示出最显着的影响,中等和大的影响大小。总体而言,这组研究表明可可多酚对记忆和执行功能具有积极作用。然而,现有的证据非常多样化,未来的研究可能会解决已确定的变异来源,以加强这一有希望的领域的现有证据。在服用 50 mg/天的 (-)-表儿茶素后以及在使用成分匹配的安慰剂和可可作为多酚载体给予健康成人(18-50 岁)的研究中观察到对认知功能的影响。在摄入中等剂量的可可黄烷醇(500-750 毫克/天)后,记忆 (n = 5) 和执行功能 (n = 4) 显示出最显着的影响,中等和大的影响大小。总体而言,这组研究表明可可多酚对记忆和执行功能具有积极作用。然而,现有的证据非常多样化,未来的研究可能会解决已确定的变异来源,以加强这一有希望的领域的现有证据。在服用 50 mg/天的 (-)-表儿茶素后以及在使用成分匹配的安慰剂和可可作为多酚载体给予健康成人(18-50 岁)的研究中观察到对认知功能的影响。在摄入中等剂量的可可黄烷醇(500-750 毫克/天)后,记忆 (n = 5) 和执行功能 (n = 4) 显示出最显着的影响,中等和大的影响大小。总体而言,这组研究表明可可多酚对记忆和执行功能具有积极作用。然而,现有的证据非常多样化,未来的研究可能会解决已确定的变异来源,以加强这一有希望的领域的现有证据。在摄入中等剂量的可可黄烷醇(500-750 毫克/天)后,记忆 (n = 5) 和执行功能 (n = 4) 显示出最显着的影响,中等和大的影响大小。总体而言,这组研究表明可可多酚对记忆和执行功能具有积极作用。然而,现有的证据非常多样化,未来的研究可能会解决已确定的变异来源,以加强这一有希望的领域的现有证据。在摄入中等剂量的可可黄烷醇(500-750 毫克/天)后,记忆 (n = 5) 和执行功能 (n = 4) 显示出最显着的影响,中等和大的影响大小。总体而言,这组研究表明可可多酚对记忆和执行功能具有积极作用。然而,现有的证据非常多样化,未来的研究可能会解决已确定的变异来源,以加强这一有希望的领域的现有证据。
更新日期:2020-01-13
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