Natural visual systems have inspired scientists and engineers to mimic their intriguing features for the development of advanced photonic devices that can provide better solutions than conventional ones. Among various kinds of natural eyes, researchers have had intensive interest in mammal eyes and compound eyes due to their advantages in optical properties such as focal length tunability, high-resolution imaging, light intensity modulation, wide field of view, high light sensitivity, and efficient light management. A variety of different approaches in the broad field of science and technology have been tried and succeeded to duplicate the functions of natural eyes and develop bioinspired photonic devices for various applications. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of bioinspired artificial eyes and photonic devices that mimic functions of natural eyes. We first briefly introduce visual systems in nature, focusing on mammal eyes and compound eyes. Then we discuss optical components inspired by the mammal eyes, including tunable lenses actuated with different mechanisms, curved image sensors with low aberration, and light intensity modulators. Next, compound eye inspired photonic devices are presented, such as microlenses and micromirror arrays, imaging sensor arrays on curved surfaces, self-written waveguides with microlens arrays, and antireflective nanostructures. Subsequently, compound eyes with focal length tunability, photosensitivity enhancers, and polarization imaging sensors are described.

中文翻译：

---

受生物学启发的人造眼和光子学

自然视觉系统激励科学家和工程师模仿其有趣的功能来开发先进的光子设备，这些设备可以提供比传统设备更好的解决方案。在各种自然眼睛中，哺乳动物眼睛和复眼因其在焦距可调、高分辨率成像、光强度调制、宽视场、高光敏感度等光学特性方面的优势而引起了研究人员的浓厚兴趣。高效的灯光管理。在广泛的科学技术领域中，人们已经尝试并成功地尝试了各种不同的方法来复制自然眼睛的功能，并开发出适合各种应用的仿生光子器件。在这篇综述中，我们全面概述了仿生人造眼和模仿自然眼睛功能的光子设备。我们首先简单介绍一下自然界的视觉系统，重点介绍哺乳动物的眼睛和复眼。然后我们讨论受哺乳动物眼睛启发的光学组件，包括以不同机制驱动的可调镜头、低像差的曲面图像传感器和光强度调制器。接下来，介绍了受复眼启发的光子器件，例如微透镜和微镜阵列、曲面上的成像传感器阵列、具有微透镜阵列的自写波导和抗反射纳米结构。随后，描述了具有焦距可调的复眼、光敏增强器和偏振成像传感器。