Each year, a growing international collection of researchers meets at the NIH to share and discuss developments in the microbiome HIV story. This past year has seen continued progress toward a detailed understanding of host–microbe interactions both within and outside the field of HIV. Commensal microbes are being linked to an ever-growing list of maladies and physiologic states, including major depressive disorder, chronic kidney disease, and Parkinson disease. PubMed citations for “microbiome” are growing at an exponential rate with over 11,000 in 2018. Various microbial taxa have been associated with HIV infection, and some of these taxa associated with HIV infection have also been associated with systemic markers of inflammation in HIV infected individuals. Causality remains unclear however as environmental and behavioral factors may drive HIV risk, inflammation, and gut enterotype. Much of the work currently being done addresses potential mechanisms by which gut microbes influence immune and inflammatory pathways. No portion of the microbiome landscape has grown as rapidly as study of the interplay between gut microbes and response to cancer immunotherapy. As Dr. Wargo discussed in her keynote address, this area has opened the door to better understanding on how commensal microbes interact with the human immune system.

中文翻译：

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第四届年度病毒学教育HIV微生物组研讨会摘要。

每年，越来越多的国际研究人员集合在NIH开会，分享和讨论微生物组HIV故事的发展。在过去的一年中，在详细了解HIV领域内外的宿主与微生物相互作用方面取得了持续的进展。共生微生物与越来越多的疾病和生理状态有关，包括严重的抑郁症，慢性肾脏疾病和帕金森氏病。PubMed对“微生物组”的引用呈指数增长，到2018年已超过11,000。各种微生物分类与HIV感染有关，其中一些与HIV感染有关的分类也与HIV感染者体内炎症的全身性标志有关。然而，因果关系尚不清楚，因为环境和行为因素可能会推动HIV风险，炎症和肠道肠型。当前正在完成的许多工作致力于解决肠道微生物影响免疫和炎症途径的潜在机制。研究肠道微生物与癌症免疫治疗反应之间相互作用的研究，没有任何微生物组的发展速度如此之快。正如Wargo博士在主题演讲中所讨论的，这一领域为更好地了解共生微生物与人类免疫系统的相互作用打开了大门。研究肠道微生物与癌症免疫治疗反应之间相互作用的研究，没有任何微生物组的发展速度如此之快。正如Wargo博士在主题演讲中所讨论的，这一领域为更好地了解共生微生物与人类免疫系统的相互作用打开了大门。研究肠道微生物与癌症免疫治疗反应之间相互作用的研究，没有任何微生物组的发展速度如此之快。正如Wargo博士在主题演讲中所讨论的，这一领域为更好地了解共生微生物与人类免疫系统的相互作用打开了大门。