Recent advances in imaging technology and additive manufacturing have led to the introduction of customized unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) that can potentially improve functional performance due to customized geometries, including customized sagittal and coronal curvature and enhanced bone preservation. The purpose of this study involved evaluating the biomechanical effect of the tibial insert design on the customized medial UKA using computer simulations. We developed sagittal and coronal curvatures in a native knee mimetic femoral component design. We utilized three types of tibial insert design: flat, anatomy mimetic, and conforming design. We evaluated contact stress on the tibial insert and other compartments, including the lateral meniscus and articular cartilage, under gait and squat loading conditions. For the conforming UKA design, the tibial insert and lateral meniscus exhibited the lowest contact stress under stance phase gait cycle. However, for the conforming UKA design, the tibial insert and lateral meniscus exhibited the highest contact stress under swing phase gait cycle. For the flat UKA design, the articular cartilage exhibited the lowest contact stress under gait and squat loading conditions. The anatomy mimetic UKA design exhibited the most normal-like contact stress on the other compartments under gait and squat loading conditions. The results reveal the importance of conformity between the femoral component and the tibial insert in the customized UKA. Based on the results on the femoral component as well as the tibial insert in the customized UKA, the anatomy mimetic design preserves normal knee joint biomechanics and thus may prevent progressive osteoarthritis of the other knee compartments.

中文翻译：

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关于单室膝关节置换的胫骨插入物设计，保留正常的膝盖接触应力对其他隔室的影响。

成像技术和增材制造的最新进展已导致引入定制的单室膝关节置换术（UKA），由于定制的几何形状（包括定制的矢状和冠状曲度）和增强的骨保存性，可以潜在地改善功能性能。这项研究的目的涉及使用计算机模拟评估胫骨插入物设计对定制内侧UKA的生物力学作用。我们在模仿膝盖的股骨天然组件设计中产生了矢状和冠状弯曲。我们利用了三种类型的胫骨插入物设计：扁平型，解剖模拟型和顺应性设计。我们评估了步态和深蹲负荷条件下胫骨插入物和其他隔室（包括外侧半月板和关节软骨）的接触应力。对于一致的UKA设计，在步态步态周期下，胫骨插入物和半月板表现出最低的接触应力。然而，对于一致的UKA设计，胫骨插入物和外侧半月板在摆动阶段步态周期下表现出最高的接触应力。对于扁平UKA设计，在步态和下蹲负荷条件下，关节软骨的接触应力最低。模仿人体解剖学的UKA设计在步态和下蹲负荷条件下在其他隔室上表现出最正常的接触应力。结果揭示了在定制的UKA中股骨组件和胫骨插入物之间保持一致的重要性。根据定制UKA的股骨成分和胫骨插入物的结果，