Driven by the policy imperatives of mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and improving energy security, an increasing proportion of global energy demand is being met by nonfossil energy sources. The socioeconomic and environmental benefits of replacing fossil fuels with bioenergy are complex; however, debate continues about issues such as best practices for biomass removal, stable supply chains, and GHG mitigation. With the greatest biomass per capita in the world, Canada could play an increasing role in the future of global bioenergy and the emerging bioeconomy. This paper reviews the utilization of feedstock salvaged after natural disturbances (fire and insect outbreaks) to supply wood‐based bioenergy, by addressing the following multidisciplinary questions: (1) How much salvaged feedstock is available, and what are the uncertainties around these estimates? (2) How can sustainable practices to support increased removal of biomass be implemented? (3) What are the constraints on development of an integrated supply chain and cost‐effective mobilization of the biomass? (4) Is the quality of biomass from salvaged trees suitable for conversion to bioenergy? (5) What is the potential for climate change mitigation? In average, salvaged feedstock from fire and insects could theoretically provide about 100 × 10⁶ oven Dry ton (ODT) biomass per year, with high variability over time and space. Existing policies and guidelines for harvesting of woody biomass in Canadian jurisdictions could support sustainable biomass removal. However, uncertainties remain as to the development of competitive and profitable supply chains, because of the large distances between the locations of this feedstock and available processing sites. Another uncertainty lies in the time needed for a benefit in climate change mitigation to occur. A flexible supply chain, integrated with other sources of biomass residues, is needed to develop a cost‐efficient bioenergy sector.

中文翻译：

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加拿大生物能源的打捞收获：从可持续和整合的供应链到缓解气候变化

在减少温室气体（GHG）排放和改善能源安全的政策要求的推动下，非化石能源满足了全球能源需求中越来越大的比例。用生物能源替代化石燃料的社会经济和环境效益是复杂的；但是，关于生物质去除的最佳做法，稳定的供应链和温室气体减排等问题的辩论仍在继续。加拿大是世界人均生物量最大的国家，因此在全球生物能源和新兴生物经济的未来中将发挥越来越重要的作用。本文通过解决以下多学科问题，回顾了自然干扰（火灾和昆虫暴发）后被拯救的原料的利用，以提供木质生物能源：（1）有多少可拯救的原料，这些估计的不确定性是什么？（2）如何实施支持增加生物量去除的可持续实践？（3）在发展集成供应链和有效地动员生物质方面有哪些制约因素？（4）来自打捞树木的生物量质量是否适合转化为生物能？（5）缓解气候变化的潜力是什么？平均而言，从火和虫中回收的原料理论上可提供约100×10每年⁶烤箱干吨（ODT）生物量，随时间和空间变化很大。加拿大管辖区现有的有关收集木质生物质的政策和准则可以支持可持续的生物质去除。但是，由于这种原料的位置与可用的加工地点之间的距离较大，因此竞争性和盈利性供应链的发展仍存在不确定性。另一个不确定性在于减轻气候变化带来收益所需的时间。需要灵活的供应链与其他生物质残留物来源整合，以发展具有成本效益的生物能源行业。