A high energy electron density modulator from a high-intensity laser standing wave field is studied herein by investigating the ultrafast motion of electrons in the field. Electrons converge at the electric field antinodes, and the discrete electron density peaks modulated by the field located at the corresponding laser phases of kx = n π, ( n = 0, 1, 2, …), that is, the modulation period is 1/2 the wavelength of the individual laser. We also discussed the influence of the laser parameters such as laser intensity and waist size on the beam modulator. It is shown that a long interaction length (waist) or sufficiently high field intensity is essential for relativistic electron density modulation.

中文翻译：

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由强激光驻波驱动的高能电子密度调制器

本文通过研究场中电子的超快运动，研究了来自高强度激光驻波场的高能电子密度调制器。电子会聚在电场波腹处，场调制的离散电子密度峰值位于 kx = n π, ( n = 0, 1, 2, ...) 对应的激光相位，即调制周期为 1 /2 单个激光的波长。我们还讨论了激光参数（如激光强度和腰围尺寸）对光束调制器的影响。结果表明，较长的相互作用长度（腰部）或足够高的场强对于相对论电子密度调制是必不可少的。