Abstract Low carbon technologies (LCTs) have been widely developed in recent years. However, the classification of LCTs varies across academic studies, business insights, governmental directives and reports from institutions worldwide, and depends on the disciplines. A lack of common knowledge makes it difficult to coordinate and enhance interdisciplinary dialog and multi-level cooperation among scholars, governments, enterprises, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). This review fills this gap by providing a straightforward classification with analysis on the market potential and opportunities on LCTs. Six categories of LCTs are classified based on two dimensions, which are the emission reduction potential and the technology usage purpose. We further identify the investment strategy for each type of LCT by sectors and stakeholders. Strong signals from the government are necessary to promote the development of LCT via regulation and policy, as it provides an economic incentive for firms to invest properly in LCT market. In addition, we find civil society can act properly as a middleman for multi-level regulations, and boost cooperation at international level across countries.

中文翻译：

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低碳技术的潜力和机遇——从文献综述到新分类

摘要 低碳技术（LCTs）近年来得到了广泛的发展。然而，LCT 的分类因学术研究、商业见解、政府指令和世界各地机构的报告而异，并取决于学科。缺乏共同知识使得学者、政府、企业和非政府组织（NGO）之间的跨学科对话和多层次合作难以协调和加强。本次审查通过对 LCT 的市场潜力和机会进行分析，提供了一个简单的分类，从而填补了这一空白。六类LCTs基于减排潜力和技术使用目的两个维度进行分类。我们进一步按部门和利益相关者确定每种 LCT 的投资策略。政府必须发出强有力的信号，以通过监管和政策促进 LCT 的发展，因为它为企业适当投资 LCT 市场提供了经济激励。此外，我们发现民间社会可以适当充当多层次监管的中间人，促进各国在国际层面的合作。