Moral psychology uses tightly controlled scenarios in which the identities of the characters are either unspecified or vague. Studies with raceless, genderless strangers help to highlight the important structural elements of moral acts (e.g., intention, causation, harm) but may not generalize to real-world judgments. As researchers have long shown, social judgments hinge on the identities (e.g., race, gender, age, religion, group affiliation) of both target and perceiver. Asking whether people generally condemn "shooting someone" is very different from asking whether liberals as opposed to conservatives condemn "a White police officer shooting a Black suspect." We argue for the importance of incorporating identity into moral psychology. We briefly outline the central role of identity in social judgments before reviewing current theories in moral psychology. We then advocate an expanded person-centered morality-synthesizing moral psychology with social cognition-to better capture everyday moral judgments.

中文翻译：

---

不分种族，不分性别的陌生人的道德心理。

道德心理学使用严格控制的场景，其中角色的身份不确定或模糊。对没有种族，没有性别的陌生人的研究有助于强调道德行为的重要结构要素（例如，意图，因果关系，伤害），但可能无法推广到现实世界的判断。正如研究人员早已表明的那样，社会判断取决于目标和感知者的身份（例如种族，性别，年龄，宗教信仰，群体归属）。询问人们是否普遍谴责“开枪杀人”与询问自由主义者而不是保守主义者是否谴责“白人警察开枪射击黑人嫌疑犯”有很大不同。我们主张将身份纳入道德心理学的重要性。在回顾当前道德心理学的理论之前，我们简要概述了身份在社会判断中的核心作用。然后，我们提倡扩大以人为本的道德，将道德心理与社会认知相结合，以更好地捕捉日常道德判断。